Effects of the combined application of biochar-based fertilizer and urea on N2O emissions, nitrifier, and denitrifier communities in the acidic soil of pomelo orchards

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhao, Lin

作者： Zhao, Lin;Li, Qinghua;Qian, Xiaojie;Chen, Hongmei;Wang, Fei;Qian, Xiaojie;Chen, Hongmei;Yi, Zhigang

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关键词： Nitrous oxide; AOA-amoA; AOB-amoA; nirS; nirK; nosZ

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS （ 影响因子：3.536； 五年影响因子：3.821 ）

ISSN： 1439-0108

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Purpose Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas generated from nitrification and denitrification in the soil, and fertilizers may affect its emission. In this study, the effects of the combined application of a biochar-based fertilizer and urea on N2O emissions and nitrifier and denitrifier communities in the acidic soil of a pomelo orchard were investigated. Material and methods Six different treatments were used: no fertilizer (CK), urea only (N), and four concentrations of rice straw biochar-based fertilizer (2.5 g kg(-1), 5 g kg(-1), 10 g kg(-1), and 20 g kg(-1)) plus the same amount of urea (2.5BR, 5BR, 10BR, and 20BR). Soil samples were collected after 60 days for determination of soil chemical properties, N2O emissions, and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nirS, nirK, and nosZ. Community diversity was investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Results and discussion 2.5BR significantly promoted N2O emissions, and 5BR, 10BR, and 20BR significantly reduced N2O emissions. N significantly reduced the abundance of AOA-amoA by 99.99%, and the Shannon index of AOA-amoA significantly decreased compared with that in CK. BR significantly restored the diversity of AOA-amoA. Compared with N, BR significantly reduced the soil NH4+-N concentration by 72.67 to 91.97% (P < 0.05). The NO3--N concentration increased significantly by 1.83 to 2.38 times (P < 0.05), and the soil pH increased by 0.24 to 3.43 units. Correlation analysis showed that N2O emissions were negatively correlated with soil NH4+-N and positively correlated with soil pH and C/N. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil NH4+-N and pH were the main environmental factors affecting the nitrifier and denitrifier communities. Heatmap analysis suggested that Proteobacteria (nirK) and Rhodanobacter (nosZ) played important roles in N2O emissions. Conclusions 2.5BR significantly promoted N2O emissions, and 5BR, 10BR, and 20BR significantly inhibited N2O emissions. The promoting effect of 2.5BR was closely related to soil pH, Rhodanobacter (nosZ) and Proteobacteria (nirK). The sensitivity of AOA-amoA to BR and urea was higher than that of AOB-amoA. The application of urea alone was not conducive to the survival of AOA-amoA, but the combined application of BR significantly restored the diversity of the AOA-amoA community to its initial level.

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