Cobalt stress induces photosynthetic and ultrastructural distortion by disrupting cellular redox homeostasis in maize

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Salam, Abdul

作者： Salam, Abdul;Rehman, Muhammad;Qi, Jiaxuan;Khan, Ali Raza;Yang, Shuaiqi;Ulhassan, Zaid;Yang, Chunyan;Chen, Nana;Gan, Yinbo;Salam, Abdul;Zeeshan, Muhammad;Khan, Ali Raza;Afridi, Muhammad Siddique;Fan, Xingming

作者机构：

关键词： Cobalt; Oxidative stress; ROS; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Ultrastructure

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY （ 影响因子：5.7； 五年影响因子：6.0 ）

ISSN： 0098-8472

年卷期： 2024 年 217 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Heavy metal contamination of the environment is becoming alarmingly serious with the rapid pace of urbani-zation and unrestricted industrialization. Cobalt (Co) is one of the toxic and non-essential metals for plants; however, it is widely recognized as a beneficial component for numerous enzymes and coenzymes within bio-logical systems. Nevertheless, if its level increases, it leads to severe toxicity and plants are highly susceptible to the toxic effects of elevated cobalt concentration. Herein, we investigated the effect of different levels of Co stress on maize seedlings using physiological, biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular markers in order to depict a panoramic view of the maize response mechanism. The findings revealed that Co stress inhibited plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, reduced nutrient uptake, and photosynthetic efficiency. The increasing concentration of Co led to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in root and shoot that principally caused oxidative damage as monitored by high MDA contents and ultrastructural damages. The in vivo detection of ROS stained with ROS fluorescent (H2DCFDA and DHE) further confirmed the overproduction of ROS under stress conditions. In response to stress, a substantial upward trend was noticed in plant antioxidant defense activities with the increasing Co concentration. However, a sharp decline was observed in antioxidant enzymes under the highest used concentration, while the level of ROS continued to rise, indicating a disruption in cellular redox homeostasis. Furthermore, the qPCR results showed that Co stress differentially expressed antioxidant-related genes. Collectively, we provide the first report tracking down the underlying mechanism of Co stress-induced oxidative damage in maize.

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