Single-cell multi-omics profiling reveals key regulatory mechanisms that poise germinal vesicle oocytes for maturation in pigs

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yuan, Xiaolong

作者： Yuan, Xiaolong;Li, Nian;Pan, Xiangchun;Tian, Yuhan;Li, Jiaqi;Chen, Na;Feng, Yance;Jiang, Yao;He, Dou;Gao, Fei;Wang, Junwen;Jiang, Yao;Gao, Fei

作者机构：

关键词： Meiotic resumption of oocytes; Antral follicles; Single-cell transcriptome and methylome; 10x Genomics; Insulin signaling pathway

期刊名称：CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES （ 影响因子：8.0； 五年影响因子：8.7 ）

ISSN： 1420-682X

年卷期： 2023 年 80 卷 8 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The molecular mechanisms controlling the transition from meiotic arrest to meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes have not been fully elucidated. Single-cell omics technology provides a new opportunity to decipher the early molecular events of oocyte growth in mammals. Here we focused on analyzing oocytes that were collected from antral follicles in different diameters of porcine pubertal ovaries, and used single-cell M & T-seq technology to analyze the nuclear DNA methylome and cytoplasmic transcriptome in parallel for 62 oocytes. 10x Genomics single-cell transcriptomic analyses were also performed to explore the bi-directional cell-cell communications within antral follicles. A new pipeline, methyConcerto, was developed to specifically and comprehensively characterize the methylation profile and allele-specific methylation events for a single-cell methylome. We characterized the gene expressions and DNA methylations of individual oocyte in porcine antral follicle, and both active and inactive gene's bodies displayed high methylation levels, thereby enabled defining two distinct types of oocytes. Although the methylation levels of Type II were higher than that of Type I, Type II contained nearly two times more of cytoplasmic transcripts than Type I. Moreover, the imprinting methylation patterns of Type II were more dramatically divergent than Type I, and the gene expressions and DNA methylations of Type II were more similar with that of MII oocytes. The crosstalk between granulosa cells and Type II oocytes was active, and these observations revealed that Type II was more poised for maturation. We further confirmed Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 in insulin signaling pathway is a key regulator on maturation by in vitro maturation experiments. Our study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms between meiotic arrest and meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes. We also provide a new analytical package for future single-cell methylomics study.

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