High Genetic Diversity but Absence of Population Structure in Local Chickens of Sri Lanka Inferred by Microsatellite Markers

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Samaraweera, Amali Malshani

作者： Samaraweera, Amali Malshani;Liyanage, Ranga;Ibrahim, Mohamed Nawaz;Okeyo, Ally Mwai;Han, Jianlin;Han, Jianlin;Silva, Pradeepa

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关键词： local chicken; microsatellite marker; genetic diversity; population structure; tropical climate

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN GENETICS （ 影响因子：4.599； 五年影响因子：4.888 ）

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年卷期： 2021 年 12 卷

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Local chicken populations belonging to five villages in two geographically separated provinces of Sri Lanka were analyzed using 20 microsatellite markers to determine the genetic diversity of local chickens. Population genetic parameters were estimated separately for five populations based on geographic locations and for eight populations based on phenotypes, such as naked neck, long legged, crested or crown, frizzle feathered, Giriraj, commercial layer, crossbreds, and non-descript chicken. The analysis revealed that there was a high genetic diversity among local chickens with high number of unique alleles, mean number of alleles per locus (MNA), and total number of alleles per locus per population. A total of 185 microsatellite alleles were detected in 192 samples, indicating a high allelic diversity. The MNA ranged from 8.10 (non-descript village chicken) to 3.50 (Giriraj) among phenotypes and from 7.30 (Tabbowa) to 6.50 (Labunoruwa) among village populations. In phenotypic groups, positive inbreeding coefficient (F-IS) values indicated the existence of population substructure with evidence of inbreeding. In commercial layers, a high expected heterozygosity He = 0.640 +/- 0.042) and a negative F-IS were observed. The positive F-IS and high He estimates observed in village populations were due to the heterogeneity of samples, owing to free mating facilitated by communal feeding patterns. Highly admixed nature of phenotypes was explained as a result of rearing many phenotypes by households (58%) and interactions of chickens among neighboring households (53%). A weak substructure was evident due to the mating system, which disregarded the phenotypes. Based on genetic distances, crown chickens had the highest distance to other phenotypes, while the highest similarity was observed between non-descript village chickens and naked neck birds. The finding confirms the genetic wealth conserved within the populations as a result of the breeding system commonly practiced by chicken owners. Thus, the existing local chicken populations should be considered as a harbor of gene pool, which can be readily utilized in developing locally adapted and improved chicken breeds in the future.

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