Optimizing nitrogen application frequency to enhance the post-flowering matter accumulation, yield and water/nitrogen use efficiency of densely planted and drip-irrigated maize

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Shen, Dongping

作者： Shen, Dongping;Zhou, Linli;Fang, Liang;Wang, Zhen;Li, Shaokun;Shen, Dongping;Wang, Keru;Ming, Bo;Xie, Ruizhi;Xue, Jun;Zhang, Tingting;Zhang, Guoqiang;Yu, Jinghui;Xu, Xiaoxue;Jiang, Hui;Ma, Naijiao

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关键词： frequency of nitrogen application; integrated drip irrigation and fertilization; spring maize; water-use efficiency; yield

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE （ 影响因子：3.5； 五年影响因子：4.2 ）

ISSN： 0022-5142

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： BACKGROUNDMaize yield stability is crucial for China's national food security. Conventional irrigation and nitrogen application methods have problems like low yield, inefficiency and environmental pollution. Optimizing water/fertilizer management is therefore imperative. This study reports on a field experiment conducted in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia (2020-2021) that used 'Dika 159' maize grown at a density of 9.0 x 104 plants ha-1. Five nitrogen application frequencies were set up, 0 (F0), 2 (F2), 4 (F3), 6 (F4), 8 (F5) with drip irrigation, in addition to farmers' one-time basal and flood irrigation as the control (F1).RESULTSCompared that of F1, the leaf area index of F4 increased by 5.05% at the VT (silk emergence) stage and by 73.01% at the R6 (maturity) stage, and the maximum leaf area duration appeared at the VT-R3 (silk emergence-milk ripening) stage. The frequency of nitrogen application mainly affected the post-anthesis photosynthetic rate of maize. F4 and F1 did not differ significantly in their pre-anthesis matter accumulation, but F4's post-anthesis matter accumulation was significantly higher, the maximum dry matter accumulation rate of F4 being 94.44% higher than that of F1. The six-time nitrogen application resulted in the optimum yield (15.82-16.06 t ha-1) and physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE; 7.87-7.44 kg kg-1), and its water-use efficiency (WUE) reached 2.10-2.14 kg m-3, raising the yield by 65.75-69.84%, enhancing the WUE by 62.12-62.79% and improving the PNUE by 29.23-40.11%.CONCLUSIONA greater frequency of nitrogen application (six times) can prolong the functional period of maize leaves, slow leaf senescence, enhancing the post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity of maize to bolster its post-anthesis matter accumulation and kernel weight, improving the yield and water/fertilizer utilization rate. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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