Evaluation of Loquat Jam Quality at Different Cooking Times Based on Physicochemical Parameters, GC-IMS and Intelligent Senses

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Qiao, Mingfeng

作者： Qiao, Mingfeng;Jiang, Yuqin;Zhao, Xinxin;Miao, Baohe;Qiao, Mingfeng;Xiong, Huan;Cai, Xuemei;Xiong, Huan

作者机构：

关键词： loquat jam; cooking time; physicochemical parameters; GC-IMS; intelligent senses

期刊名称：FOODS （ 影响因子：5.2； 五年影响因子：5.5 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 13 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Highlights What are the main findings? The color, energy, and texture properties of loquat jam changed with the prolongation of cooking time. The changes in the content of free amino acids, organic acids and volatile flavor substances with the cooking time caused variation in the olfactory and gustatory senses of loquat jam. There was a significant difference in the E-nose and E-tongue results of loquat jam cooked for 100 min and 120 min. What is the implication of the main finding? Heating and the resulting intramolecular interactions caused changes in the physicochemical parameters of loquat jam. Free amino acids, organic acids, and volatile substances contributed significantly to the flavor composition of loquat jam. When the cooking time reached 120 min, the olfactory and gustatory senses of loquat jam underwent significant changes.Highlights What are the main findings? The color, energy, and texture properties of loquat jam changed with the prolongation of cooking time. The changes in the content of free amino acids, organic acids and volatile flavor substances with the cooking time caused variation in the olfactory and gustatory senses of loquat jam. There was a significant difference in the E-nose and E-tongue results of loquat jam cooked for 100 min and 120 min. What is the implication of the main finding? Heating and the resulting intramolecular interactions caused changes in the physicochemical parameters of loquat jam. Free amino acids, organic acids, and volatile substances contributed significantly to the flavor composition of loquat jam. When the cooking time reached 120 min, the olfactory and gustatory senses of loquat jam underwent significant changes.Abstract The study compared and analyzed the quality of loquat jam with different cooking times through physicochemical parameters, headspace-gas chromatography-ion migration spectroscopy (HS-GC-IMS) and intelligent senses. The results showed that with the prolongation of the cooking time, the color of loquat jam slowly deepened, the energy significantly increased, the adhesiveness, gumminess, hardness and chewiness enhanced, the free amino acid content increased from 22.40 to 65.18 mg/g. The organic acid content increased from 1.64 to 9.82 mg/g. Forty-seven volatile flavor compounds were identified in five types of loquat jam using HS-GC-IMS, among which the relative content of aldehydes was sharply higher than that of other chemical substances, playing an important role in the flavor formation of loquat jam. LJ0, LJ1 and LJ2 had higher aldehyde content, followed by LJ3 and LJ4 had the lowest aldehyde content. The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) screened 15 marker compounds that could distinguish five types of loquat jam. The E-nose results showed a significant difference in olfactory sense between loquat jam cooked for 100 and 120 min. The E-tongue results corroborated the results of free amino acids (FAAs) and organic acids, indicating that the gustatory sense of loquat jam changed significantly when the cooking time reached 120 min. The results provided a basis for further research on the relationship between the cooking process and quality characteristics of loquat jam.

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