Seneca Valley Virus 3C(pro) Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Song, Jiangwei

作者： Song, Jiangwei;Quan, Rong;Wang, Dan;Liu, Jue;Liu, Jue

作者机构：

关键词： Seneca Valley virus (SVV); nucleolin (NCL); cleavage; 3C protease (3C(pro)); replication

期刊名称：MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM （ 影响因子：9.043； 五年影响因子：8.113 ）

ISSN： 2165-0497

年卷期： 2022 年 10 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. It has been shown that many viruses are reliant on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of nucleolin (NCL) for their own replication. Here, we demonstrate that NCL, a critical protein component of the nucleolus, is cleaved and translocated out of the nucleoli following SVV infection. Furthermore, our data suggest that SVV 3C protease (3C(pro)) is responsible for this cleavage and subsequent delocalization from the nucleoli, and that inactivation of this protease activity abolished this cleavage and translocation. SVV 3C(pro) cleaved NCL at residue Q545, and the cleavage fragment (aa 1 to 545) facilitated viral replication, which was similar to the activities described for full-length NCL. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown indicated that NCL is required for efficient viral replication and viral protein expression. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of NCL significantly enhanced viral replication. Taken together, these results indicate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and redistribution, which contributes to efficient viral replication, thereby emphasizing the potential target of antiviral strategies for the control of SVV infection. IMPORTANCE The nucleolus is a subnuclear cellular compartment, and nucleolin (NCL) resides predominantly in the nucleolus. NCL participates in viral replication, translation, internalization, and also serves as a receptor for virus entry. The interaction between NCL and SVV is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SVV 3C(pro) targets NCL for its cleavage and nucleocytoplasmic transportation, which contributes to efficient viral replication. Our results reveal novel function of SVV 3C(pro) and provide further insight into the mechanisms by which SVV utilizes nucleoli for efficient replication.

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