Phosphorus efficiency in long-term (15 years) wheat-maize cropping systems with various soil and climate conditions

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Tang, Xu

作者： Tang, Xu;Li, Jumei;Ma, Yibing;Li, Xiuying;Tang, Xu;Hao, Xiying

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期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Long-term (over 15 years) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) crop rotation experiments were conducted to investigate phosphorus (P) fertilizer utilization efficiency, including the physiological efficiency, recovery efficiency and the mass (the input-output) balance, at five sites across different soil types and climate zones in China. The five treatments used were control, N, NP, NK and NPK, representing various combinations of N, P and K fertilizer applications. Phosphorus fertilization increased average crop yield over 15 years and the increases were greater with wheat (206%) than maize (85%) across all five sites. The wheat yield also significantly increased over time for the NPK treatments at two sites (Xinjiang and Shanxi), but decreased at one site (Hunan). The P content in wheat was less than 3.00gkgp# (and 2.10gkgp# for maize) for the N and NK treatments with higher values for the Control, NP and NPK treatments. To produce 1t of grain, crops require 4.2kg P for wheat and 3.1kg P for maize. The P physiological use efficiency was 214kggrainkgp# P for wheat and 240kggrainkgp# P for maize with over 62% of the P from P fertilizer. Applying P fertilizer at 60-80kgPhap# yearp# could maintain 3-4thap# yields for wheat and 5-6thap# yields for maize for the five study sites across China. The P recovery efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency averaged 47% and 29%, respectively. For every 100kgPhap# yearp# P surplus (amount of fertilizer applied in excess of crop removal), Olsen-P in soil was increased by 3.4mg Pkgp#. Our study suggests that in order to achieve higher crop yields, the long-term P input-output balance, soil P supplying capacity and yield targets should be considered when making P fertilizer recommendations and developing strategies for intensively managed wheat-maize cropping systems.

分类号： S

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