Investigation of the Fermentation Process of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Its Effects on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Microbiome of Procambarus clarkii

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Zhengzhong

作者： Li, Zhengzhong;Luo, Weizhu;Zhou, Qunlan;Sun, Cunxin;Zheng, Xiaochuan;Liu, Bo;Luo, Weizhu;Zhou, Qunlan;Sun, Cunxin;Zheng, Xiaochuan;Liu, Bo;Mpange, Kaunda;Zhu, Aimin;Wang, Aimin

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关键词： fermentation process; growth performance; antioxidant capacity; intestinal microbiome; M. oleifera; crayfish

期刊名称：ANTIOXIDANTS （ 影响因子：6.6； 五年影响因子：7.3 ）

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年卷期： 2024 年 13 卷 11 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Moringa oleifera is renowned for its high antioxidant activity. However, few studies have been conducted on its effects on aquatic animals. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the optimal fermentation process of M. oleifera leaves and to evaluate the effects of fermented M. oleifera leaves on crayfish (9.11 +/- 0.3 g) in terms of growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiological parameters. By optimizing the fermenting material/water ratio, fermentation time, temperature, and strain, the optimal fermentation conditions of a 10% water ratio + 48 h + 30 degrees C + inoculation with 2% B. amyloliquefaciens (10(7) CFU mL(-1)) were obtained. These conditions resulted in notable increases in the contents of the total protein, total phenols, flavonoids, and amino acids (p < 0.05) while also leading to a notable decrease in the content of tannins in contrast to those of unfermented M. oleifera leaves (p < 0.05). The fermented M. oleifera (FMO) leaves were incorporated at five concentrations, including 0% (control (CT)), 0.25% (0.25FMO), 0.5% (0.5FMO), 1% (1FMO), and 2% (2FMO). The results showed that the 1FMO group performed better in terms of the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific weight gain rate (SGR) compared with the CT group (p < 0.05). In addition, amylase and lipase activities were significantly higher in the 1FMO and 2FMO groups compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). The fermented M. oleifera leaves significantly increased the catalase (CAT) activity in the crayfish (p < 0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly increased in the 0.25FMO, 1FMO, and 2FMO groups, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased while the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content was significantly increased in the 0.5FMO, 1FMO, and 2FMO groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the 1FMO group was observed to significantly increase the abundance of Firmicutes while simultaneously reducing the abundance of Aeromonas (p < 0.05) and adjusting the structure of the intestinal microbiome. In conclusion, this study established the optimal fermentation conditions for M. oleifera and obtained a product with high nutrient and low tannin contents. Furthermore, the incorporation of 1% FMO was demonstrated to facilitate growth, enhance the antioxidant capacity, and optimize the gut microbiology in crayfish.

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