Extracellular vesicles in antimicrobial therapy: Advances, challenges and perspectives

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Han, Rongjia

作者： Han, Rongjia;Wang, Weiwei;Zhou, Yaxin;Li, Bing;Hu, Rongbin;Zuo, Jingru;Zhang, Hongxing;Huang, Huan;Bai, Yubin;Zhang, Jiyu;Han, Rongjia;Wang, Weiwei;Zhou, Yaxin;Li, Bing;Hu, Rongbin;Zuo, Jingru;Zhang, Hongxing;Huang, Huan;Bai, Yubin;Zhang, Jiyu;Han, Rongjia;Wang, Weiwei;Zhou, Yaxin;Li, Bing;Hu, Rongbin;Zuo, Jingru;Zhang, Hongxing;Huang, Huan;Bai, Yubin;Zhang, Jiyu;Xing, Jiabao

作者机构：

关键词： Antibiotic resistance; Extracellular vesicles; Nano delivery systems; Targeted therapy; Clinical translation

期刊名称：CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL （ 影响因子：13.2； 五年影响因子：13.5 ）

ISSN： 1385-8947

年卷期： 2025 年 520 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has underscored the imperative for innovative therapeutic strategies to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a revolutionary platform in antimicrobial therapy due to their intrinsic biocompatibility, precise targeting capabilities, and immunomodulatory functions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the origin, biogenesis, isolation, characterization techniques, and cutting-edge applications of EVs. We emphasize the integration of nanotechnology and EVs engineering strategies-such as antibiotic delivery, membrane coating, membrane fusion, and intelligent drug-loading technologies optimize vesicle targeting, stability, and controlled release, thereby achieving synergistic antimicrobial effects. Despite their promising potential in vaccine development and infection diagnostics, significant challenges remain in scalable production, heterogeneity control, pharmacokinetics, and clinical translation. Moreover, we propose multidisciplinary innovations, including EVs-antimicrobial combination, smart response therapies, personalized therapies, and digitalization and machine learning to expedite the transition of EVs from bench to bedside. By bridging bioengineering and nanotechnology, EVs hold the potential to redefine antimicrobial treatment paradigms, offering sustainable defense strategies for the post-antibiotic era.

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