Black Soldier Fly: A Keystone Species for the Future of Sustainable Waste Management and Nutritional Resource Development: A Review

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Tariq, Muhammad Raheel

作者： Tariq, Muhammad Raheel;Liu, Youming;Tariq, Muhammad Raheel;Liu, Shaojuan;Wang, Fei;Wang, Hui;Mo, Qianyuan;Zhuang, Zhikai;Zheng, Chaozhong;Liang, Yanwen;Ur Rehman, Kashif;Ur Rehman, Kashif;Helvaci, Murat;Qin, Jianguang;Li, Chengpeng

作者机构：

关键词： Hermetia illucens; organic waste valorization; insect bioconversion; alternative protein production; insect genomics

期刊名称：INSECTS （ 影响因子：2.9； 五年影响因子：3.3 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 16 卷 8 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The global escalation of organic waste generation, coupled with rising protein demand and environmental pressure, necessitates innovative, circular approaches to resource management. Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly, BSF) has emerged as a leading candidate for integrated waste-to-resource systems. This review examines BSF biological and genomic adaptations underpinning waste conversion efficiency, comparative performance of BSF bioconversion versus traditional treatments, nutritional and functional attributes, techno-economic, regulatory, and safety barriers to industrial scale-up. Peer-reviewed studies were screened for methodological rigor, and data on life cycle traits, conversion metrics, and product compositions were synthesized. BSF larvae achieve high waste reductions, feed-conversion efficiencies and redirect substrate carbon into biomass, yielding net CO2 emissions as low as 12-17 kg CO2 eq ton-1, an order of magnitude below composting or vermicomposting. Larval biomass offers protein, lipids (notably lauric acid), micronutrients, chitin, and antimicrobial peptides, with frass serving as a nutrient-rich fertilizer. Pathogen and antibiotic resistance gene loads decrease during bioconversion. Key constraints include substrate heterogeneity, heavy metal accumulation, fragmented regulatory landscapes, and high energy and capital demands. BSF systems demonstrate superior environmental and nutritional performance compared to conventional waste treatments. Harmonized safety standards, feedstock pretreatment, automation, and green extraction methods are critical to overcoming scale-up barriers. Interdisciplinary innovation and policy alignment will enable BSF platforms to realize their full potential within circular bio-economies.

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