Synergistic effects of Azolla and a nitrification inhibitor on gaseous nitrogen losses, rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yang, Guoying

作者： Yang, Guoying;Wang, Huiquan;Gu, Dongxiang;Zhang, Chuanhui;Zhang, Simei;Xu, Bo;Huang, Kun;Gu, Kejun;Wang, Huiquan;Huang, Kun

作者机构：

关键词： N2O emission; Crop production; Azolla; Nitrification inhibitor

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.4； 五年影响因子：6.6 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年 329 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Context: The application of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) is considered an efficient measure for reducing N2O emission; however, it increases NH3 volatilization from paddy fields, which may be resolved by the application of Azolla. Objective: This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that Azolla can mitigate the increased risk of ammonia volatilization caused by NI application and simultaneously reduce N2O emission and to examine the combined effects of Azolla and NI on rice grain yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency. Methods: We conducted a 2-year field experiment involving five treatments (control, with urea [U], urea + Azolla [A] [UA], urea + NI [UNI] and urea + Azolla + NI [UANI]) to elucidate the effects of the combined application of Azolla and NI on gaseous N losses, rice grain yield as well as N absorption and utilization. Results: We found that compared with the U treatment, the total and yield-scaled NH3 volatilization increased on average by 14.1 % and 6.0 % under the UNI treatment but decreased by 21.2 % and 29.4 % under the UA treatment and by 11.3 % and 21.0 % under the UANI treatment, which was mainly attributed to the lower NH4+-N concentration, pH value and soil urease activity. The UA treatment had no considerable effect on N2O emission. The UNI and UANI treatments markedly decreased the total and yield-scaled N2O emissions by 24.0 % and 33.6 % and by 36.3 % and 49.9 %, respectively, compared with the U treatment largely because of the lower NO3- concentration and soil nitrate reductase activity. UANI was more effective in improving rice yield, apparent N recovery efficiency (ANRE) and N agronomic efficiency (11.8 %, 60.6 % and 44.2 %) than UA (by 11.3 %, 46.7 % and 44.4 %) and UNI (7.2 %, 34.8 % and 26.1 %). UANI achieved these benefits by increasing leaf chlorophyll content, leaf area index, biomass and total N uptake. However, the N physiological efficiency (NPE) and N grain production efficiency (NGPE) decreased with the application of Azolla and NI. Conclusions: Despite the minor decrease in NPE and NGPE, the combined application of Azolla and NI could decrease gaseous N loss and improve rice yield and ANRE. Implications: The findings will provide a technical measure to minimise gaseous N emissions from paddy fields, increase rice grain yield and ANRE as well as contribute to the sustainable production of rice.

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