Non-Target Site Mechanisms of Fungicide Resistance in Crop Pathogens: A Review

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Hu, Mengjun

作者： Hu, Mengjun;Chen, Shuning

作者机构：

关键词： fungicide resistance; molecular basis; non-target site; plant pathogens

期刊名称：MICROORGANISMS （ 影响因子：4.152； ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2021 年 9 卷 3 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The rapid emergence of resistance in plant pathogens to the limited number of chemical classes of fungicides challenges sustainability and profitability of crop production worldwide. Understanding mechanisms underlying fungicide resistance facilitates monitoring of resistant populations at large-scale, and can guide and accelerate the development of novel fungicides. A majority of modern fungicides act to disrupt a biochemical function via binding a specific target protein in the pathway. While target-site based mechanisms such as alternation and overexpression of target genes have been commonly found to confer resistance across many fungal species, it is not uncommon to encounter resistant phenotypes without altered or overexpressed target sites. However, such non-target site mechanisms are relatively understudied, due in part to the complexity of the fungal genome network. This type of resistance can oftentimes be transient and noninheritable, further hindering research efforts. In this review, we focused on crop pathogens and summarized reported mechanisms of resistance that are otherwise related to target-sites, including increased activity of efflux pumps, metabolic circumvention, detoxification, standing genetic variations, regulation of stress response pathways, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations. In addition, novel mechanisms of drug resistance recently characterized in human pathogens are reviewed in the context of nontarget-directed resistance.

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