Optimized nitrate removal using reduced graphene oxide-decorated magnetic biochar: A continuous leaching experiment-based response surface methodology

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Mazarji, Mahmoud

作者： Mazarji, Mahmoud;Li, Guihua;Li, Aohua;Li, Mengtong;James, Anina;Zhang, Jianfeng;Pan, Junting;Ren, Zhonghao;Li, Yeqing;Yang, Xing

作者机构：

关键词： Biochar; Magnetism; Response surface methodology; Nitrate; Remediation

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION （ 影响因子：10.0； 五年影响因子：10.7 ）

ISSN： 0959-6526

年卷期： 2025 年 521 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： This study has presented a sustainable method for synthesizing reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-decorated magnetic biochar (GMBC) from agricultural waste. Characterization of GMBC revealed a complex chemical composition, including iron oxide phases (e.g., beta-FeOOH and Fe3O4), carbonaceous materials (e.g., biochar and graphene), and silica species (e.g., Si and SiO2). This nanocomposite was employed in a soil leaching experiment to evaluate its efficacy in nitrate removal. Utilizing response surface methodology, we developed models with various pH and GMBC concentrations as independent parameters to optimize the nitrate removal efficacy of the nanocomposite. Optimization results demonstrated that under the worst-case scenario of simulated acid rain (pH 4), an optimized 3 % GMBC achieved nitrate removal rates of 85.03 %, 76.63 %, and 9.61 % on days 5, 10, and 20, respectively. In all the tested scenarios, nitrate removal efficiency increased significantly with a decrease in pH and an increase in the GMBC ratio. This enhancement was driven by increased H+ ion availability and the favorable electrostatic interactions that occurred at lower pH, where nitrate ions were most effectively immobilized on the GMBC surface. The rGO component in the nanocomposite increased the surface area and potentially supported electron transfer that led to efficient nitrate removal, particularly in acidic environments. The results of this study indicated the potential practical applicability of the novel nanocomposite fabricated by the integration of magnetic biochar with rGO to agricultural soils to reduce nitrate leaching and associated contamination in situations of acid rain.

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