The allotetraploid horseradish genome provides insights into subgenome diversification and formation of critical traits

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Shen, Fei

作者： Shen, Fei;Xu, Shixiao;Shen, Qi;Shen, Qi;Shen, Qi;Bi, Changwei;Lysak, Martin A. A.;Lysak, Martin A. A.

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期刊名称：NATURE COMMUNICATIONS （ 影响因子：16.6； 五年影响因子：17.0 ）

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年卷期： 2023 年 14 卷 1 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Polyploidization can provide a wealth of genetic variation for adaptive evolution and speciation, but understanding the mechanisms of subgenome evolution as well as its dynamics and ultimate consequences remains elusive. Here, we report the telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free reference genome of allotetraploid horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) sequenced using a comprehensive strategy. The (epi)genomic architecture and 3D chromatin structure of the A and B subgenomes differ significantly, suggesting that both the dynamics of the dominant long terminal repeat retrotransposons and DNA methylation have played critical roles in subgenome diversification. Investigation of the genetic basis of biosynthesis of glucosinolates (GSLs) and horseradish peroxidases reveals both the important role of polyploidization and subgenome differentiation in shaping the key traits. Continuous duplication and divergence of essential genes of GSL biosynthesis (e.g., FMOGS-OX, IGMT, and GH1 gene family) contribute to the broad GSL profile in horseradish. Overall, the T2T assembly of the allotetraploid horseradish genome expands our understanding of polyploid genome evolution and provides a fundamental genetic resource for breeding and genetic improvement of horseradish. Horseradish is a spicy root vegetable and it also produces horseradish peroxidase, an enzyme widely used in biochemistry applications. Here, the authors report its telomere-to-telomere reference genome, reveal subgenome diversification and the effect on the biosynthesis of glucosinolates and horseradish peroxidases.

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