The Spatial Distribution Dynamics of Shark Bycatch by the Longline Fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Xia, Shengyao

作者： Xia, Shengyao;Wang, Jiaqi;Yang, Yiwei;Huang, Heyang;Gao, Xiaodi

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关键词： oceanic sharks; environmental preference; bycatch hotspots; longline fishery; Western and Central Pacific

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING （ 影响因子：2.8； 五年影响因子：2.8 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 13 卷 2 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Shark bycatch represents a substantial issue in the management of oceanic fisheries. Utilizing data on shark bycatch from the longline fishery, as released by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, this study applied the boosted regression tree model to examine the impact of environmental factors on the bycatch per unit effort (BPUE) of key bycatch species, as well as to predict the spatial distribution dynamics of both BPUE and bycatch risk (BR). The findings emphasize that the oxygen concentration, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll-a concentration are paramount to sharks' BPUE. Furthermore, the study compared the variations in environmental preferences across diverse shark species, pinpointing key environmental attributes defining the ecological niches of distinct shark populations. The spatial predictions identified the hotspots of BPUE and BR for the bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus), longfin mako (Isurus paucus), silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis), and oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) in tropical latitudes (10 degrees S to 15 degrees N), and for the blue shark (Prionace glauca) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) in temperate zones (south of 30 degrees S or north of 30 degrees N). The geometric center analysis indicated that all shark species exhibited large annual fluctuations in BPUE and BR, and most populations displayed significant shifting trends. Several grids (5 degrees x 5 degrees) were identified as high-risk areas due to their considerable contribution to bycatch. Furthermore, the geometric centers of BR were observed to shift eastward towards equatorial waters, compared to the geometric centers of BPUE. This underscores the necessity of considering factors beyond BPUE when identifying critical areas for the implementation of area-specific bycatch mitigation measures. The insights derived from this study can enhance and support the development and enforcement of targeted area-based fishery management initiatives.

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