Chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome provides insight into the tetraploid hybrid origin of patchouli

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Shen, Yanting

作者： Shen, Yanting;Li, Wanying;Zeng, Ying;Li, Zhipeng;Chen, Yiqiong;Huang, Lili;Wang, Hong-bin;Shen, Yanting;Zhang, Jixiang;Zhao, Hong;Wang, Zheng;Feng, Lingfang;Ma, Dongming;Wang, Hong-bin;Mo, Xiaolu;Ouyang, Puyue;Jiao, Yuannian;Jiao, Yuannian;Wang, Hong-bin

作者机构：

期刊名称：NATURE COMMUNICATIONS （ 影响因子：17.694； 五年影响因子：17.763 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2022 年 13 卷 1 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The ploidy level of patchouli, an aromatic plant in the Lamiaceae family, remain unclear. Here, the authors assemble a chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome for patchouli and reveal that it is tetraploid hybrid as well as compensated aneuploidy. Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.), a member of the Lamiaceae family, is an important aromatic plant that has been widely used in medicine and perfumery. Here, we report a 1.94 Gb chromosome-scale assembly of the patchouli genome (contig N50 = 7.97 Mb). The gene annotation reveals that tandem duplication of sesquiterpene biosynthetic genes may be a major contributor to the biosynthesis of patchouli bioactivity components. We further phase the genome into two distinct subgenomes (A and B), and identify a chromosome substitution event that have occurred between them. Further investigations show that a burst of universal LTR-RTs in the A subgenome lead to the divergence between two subgenomes. However, no significant subgenome dominance is detected. Finally, we track the evolutionary scenario of patchouli including whole genome tetraploidization, subgenome divergency, hybridization, and chromosome substitution, which are the key forces to determine the complexity of patchouli genome. Our work sheds light on the evolutionary history of patchouli and offers unprecedented genomic resources for fundamental patchouli research and elite germplasm development.

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