Spent mushroom substrate as a substitute for chemical fertilizer changes N-cycling genes and reduces N2O emission in different textured soils

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yang, Guiting

作者： Yang, Guiting;Ma, Yan;Xu, Wenyi;Ma, Xiaochi;Lu, Chao;Ma, Yan;Ma, Yan;Xu, Wenyi

作者机构：

关键词： Spent mushroom substrates; N2O emissions; Functional genes; Real-time Qpcr

期刊名称：BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS （ 影响因子：6.5； 五年影响因子：6.9 ）

ISSN： 0178-2762

年卷期： 2023 年

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a by-product of mushroom production, which can be used as an organic fertilizer. However, studies on the effect of SMS as a substitute for chemical fertilizer on soil N2O emissions and relative mechanisms are scarce. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to examine the effects of SMSs derived from Pleurotus eryngii (SMS-PE) and Agaricus bisporus (SMS-AB) production on N2O emissions from a sandy loam and a clay loam soil. Six treatments for each soil were established: no fertilization (CK); chemical N fertilizer (U); two types of SMSs alone (SMS-PE and SMS-AB); and their half substitution with chemical N fertilizer (SMS-PEU and SMS-ABU). The recalcitrance and aliphaticity indices of SMS-PE determined by C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were lower than those of SMS-AB. N2O emissions from the SMS-PEU and SMS-ABU decreased by 21.5-58.5% compared to the urea alone treatment. The emission of N2O was controlled by soil NH4+-N and AOB, indicating that nitrification is primarily responsible for N2O production. The increased NH4+-N concentration in the SMS-PEU treatment increased N2O emissions by 32.4% compared to the SMS-ABU treatment of the sandy loam soil. The N2O emissions from the clay loam soil treated with SMS-PEU depended on NO3--N concentration and absolute abundance of nirS, nirK, and the nir/nos ratio, suggesting the presence of the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Thus, the application of SMS-PE with a higher proportion of available organic C increased denitrification gene abundance and likely enhanced denitrification-associated N2O emissions (by 72.6%) in the clay loam soil compared to SMS-ABU. Overall, our results reveal that substituting chemical N with SMSs, particularly SMS-AB with lower NH4+-N and available C concentrations, is a promising strategy to mitigate N2O emissions while reducing chemical N consumption.

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