Reducing nitrogen application with dense planting increases nitrogen use efficiency by maintaining root growth in a double-rice cropping system

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Chen, Jin

作者： Chen, Jin;Xie, Jiang;Deng, Guoqiang;Tu, Tianhua;Guan, Xianjiao;Chen, Xianmao;Qiu, Caifei;Qian, Yinfei;Shao, Caihong;Peng, Chunrui;Zhu, Xiangcheng;Yang, Zhen;Chen, Jin;Huang, Shan;Xu, Minggang

作者机构：

关键词： Rice; Planting density; N recovery efficiency; Root morphology; South China

期刊名称：CROP JOURNAL （ 影响因子：4.407； 五年影响因子：5.687 ）

ISSN： 2095-5421

年卷期： 2021 年 9 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Rational nitrogen (N) application can greatly increase rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield. However, excessive N input can lead not only to low N use efficiency (NUE) but also to severe environmental pollution. Reducing N application rate with a higher planting density (RNHD) is recommended to maintain rice yield and improve NUE. The effects of RNHD on fertilizer N fate and rice root growth traits remain unclear. We accordingly conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate the influence of RNHD on rice yield, fertilizer N-15 fate, and root growth in a double-rice cropping system in China. In comparison with the conventional practice of high N application with sparse planting, RNHD resulted in similar yield and biomass production as well as plant N uptake. RNHD increased agronomic NUEs by 23.3%-31.9% (P < 0.05) and N recovery efficiency by 17.4%-24.1% (P < 0.05). RNHD increased fertilizer N-15 recovery rate by 14.5%-34.7% (P < 0.05), but reduced N-15 retention rate by 9.2%-12.0% (P < 0.05). Although a reduced N rate led to significantly reduced root length, surface area, volume, and biomass, these root traits were significantly increased by higher planting density. RNHD did not affect these root morphological traits and reduced activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) only at tillering stage. Plant N uptake was significantly positively correlated with these root traits, but not correlated with NR and GS activities. Together, these findings show that reducing N application with dense planting can lead to high plant N uptake by maintaining rice root growth and thus increase NUE. (C) 2021 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

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