Importinα3 Mediates BmNPV Nucleocapsid Nuclear Entry via a Ran-Independent Pathway

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhang, Tianran

作者： Zhang, Tianran;Yin, Kangping;Xu, Ying;Chen, Kai;Huang, Jinshan;Hao, Bifang;Huang, Jinshan;Hao, Bifang

作者机构：

期刊名称：CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY （ 影响因子：2.6； 五年影响因子：2.6 ）

ISSN： 0343-8651

年卷期： 2025 年 82 卷 8 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Baculoviruses, such as Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), are arthropod-specific DNA viruses with a complex entry mechanism that relies on host importin proteins for nuclear import. Despite significant advances in understanding viral entry, the precise role of importins in BmNPV nuclear import remains poorly understood. In this study, we identify importin alpha 3 (IMP alpha 3) as a critical mediator for the nuclear entry of the BmNPV nucleocapsid. Using RT-qPCR, we found that IMP alpha 3, along with IMP alpha 5 and IMP13, is upregulated during the early stages of BmNPV infection. Knockdown of IMP alpha 3 significantly reduced viral infection rates, while overexpression of IMP alpha 3 increased the infection rate by 24%. Functional domain analysis revealed that the N- and C-terminal regions of IMP alpha 3 are essential for nucleocapsid nuclear entry, with truncation of either domain impairing this process. Interestingly, our findings indicate that BmNPV nuclear entry is independent of the classical RanGTP hydrolysis pathway, suggesting a Ran-independent mechanism for nucleocapsid transport. Further analysis confirmed that IMP alpha 3, but not IMP beta, is essential for nuclear import, bypassing the need for traditional importin beta-mediated transport. These results provide new insights into the role of IMP alpha 3 in BmNPV infection and suggest that targeting IMP alpha 3 could be a promising strategy for antiviral intervention.

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