Improving Leaf GOGAT Activity After the Post-Silking Period Contributes to High Grain Yield with Reduced Nitrogen in N-Efficient Maize

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Haoyu

作者： Li, Haoyu;Wang, Jian;Zhang, Meng;Liu, Wenbo;Li, Xiangling;Lin, Xiaohu;Wang, Yanbing

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关键词： maize; N-efficiency variety; N metabolism enzyme; gene expression

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Breeding and cultivating low-N-efficient maize varieties to obtain high yields with less N fertilizer is important for addressing food demands and environmental pollution. However, few studies have investigated the physiological characteristics of low-N-efficient maize varieties. Therefore, we performed an experiment over four years to test two maize varieties (low-N-efficient variety: JNK728, and high-N-efficient variety: XY335) and five N application rates (N120: 120 kgha-1, N180: 180 kgha-1, N240: 240 kgha-1, N300: 300 kgha-1, and N360: 360 kgha-1). The optimal N application rates for JNK728 and XY335 were N180 and N300, which obtained the highest yields (11,754 and 12,752 kgha-1, respectively), N uptake efficiencies (1.32 and 0.93 kgkg-1), and N harvest index (67.94% and 61.98%), compared with other N application rates. The key period for plant N accumulation was the R1-R6 stage, which contributed 35.2-49.7% and 40.8-53.8% to plant N accumulation at the maturation stage in JNK728 and XY335, respectively. In addition, N accumulation in the grain accounted for more than half (51.8-63.2%) of the total N accumulation in plants, and the leaf N transport amount after the post-silking stage was the primary source of grain N accumulation in both JNK728 and XY335. We also explored the key enzymes and genes related to the N transport amount and efficiency in leaves in the two maize varieties, and found that GOGAT was the key enzyme and GOGAT2 was the key gene for JNK728, whereas the AS enzyme and AS1 and AS3 genes were most important for XY335. Therefore, we suggest that molecular breeding programs should focus on the GOGAT2 gene in low-N-efficient maize varieties, and cultivation techniques should aim to improve the GOGAT enzyme activity after the post-silking period to achieve high yields and N utilization efficiencies with less N fertilizer.

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