Differential immunological responses in lamb rumen and colon to alfalfa hay and wheat straw in a concentrate-rich diet: insights into microbe-host interactions

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Gebeyew, Kefyalew

作者： Gebeyew, Kefyalew;Mi, Hui;Liu, Yong;Tan, Zhiliang;He, Zhixiong;Gebeyew, Kefyalew;Mi, Hui;Liu, Yong;Tan, Zhiliang;He, Zhixiong;Liu, Yongbin;Wang, Biao;Feyera, Teka

作者机构：

关键词： concentrate-rich diet; interaction; lamb; microbiome; transcriptome

期刊名称：MSYSTEMS （ 影响因子：4.6； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 2379-5077

年卷期： 2024 年 9 卷 10 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The impact of a concentrate-rich (CR) diet on the gut microbiome and epithelium homeostasis is well documented. However, it has not been systematically studied whether and how host-microbial interaction contributes to the immune homeostasis in the rumen and colon of lambs fed alfalfa hay and wheat straw, alone or combined, in a CR diet. In all, 63 lambs (initial body weight, 16.69 +/- 1.50 kg) were randomly allotted to three dietary groups, each consisting of three pens with seven lambs per pen. Over 14 weeks, the lambs were fed diets as follows: 60% concentrate supplemented with either 40% wheat straw (WG), 20% alfalfa hay combined with 20% wheat straw (MG), or 40% alfalfa hay (AG). The present findings showed that lambs in the AG group had greater (P < 0.05) IgG and lower (P = 0.067) tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations relative to those in the MG and WG groups. The 16S rRNA analysis highlighted that various bacterial phyla and genera in the rumen and colon preferentially degrade fiber and starch derived from alfalfa hay and wheat straw. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the bacterial genera from the Firmicutes are broadly associated with genes involved in various signaling pathways, underscoring the potential role of Firmicutes as key drivers of host-microbial interactions under the present feeding conditions. These findings shed light on the fact that the rumen and colon immune homeostasis is distinctively influenced by diets of alfalfa hay, wheat straw, or their combination in a CR diet. Further studies should examine the prolonged effects of replacing wheat straw with alfalfa hay in a concentrate-rich diet formulated to provide equivalent neutral detergent fiber levels. This could reveal how various forage fibers influence host-microbial interactions and gut health.

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