Improvement of nutritional value of cotton residue by solid state fermentation

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wu, Duoting

作者： Wu, Duoting;Liang, Xiurong;Hu, Rui;Wang, Zhisheng;Zou, Huawei;Wu, Fali;Li, Hui;Jiang, Yahui;Peng, Quanhui;Xiao, Jianxin;Li, Hongbo;Zhou, Zhenyong

作者机构：

关键词： Cotton residue; Solid-state fermentation; Nutritional quality; Cellulose; Free gossypol; Bacteriome

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING （ 影响因子：7.2； 五年影响因子：7.6 ）

ISSN： 2213-2929

年卷期： 2025 年 13 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Cotton waste is an agricultural and industrial by-product generated during the harvesting, storage, and processing of cotton. It represents a significant potential feed resource in the ruminant feed industry. However, due to a lack of expertise and technology, cotton gin trash has not been effectively utilized as a component of livestock diets in developing countries. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is an environmentally friendly and sustainable bioprocessing technology employed to enhance the nutritional value of agricultural by-products. SSF involves fermenting solid substrates with specific microorganisms that secrete degradative enzymes capable of breaking down complex organic compounds, including antinutritional factors such as gossypol. In recent years, SSF has demonstrated considerable potential in managing agricultural waste. However, research on employing fermentation to enhance the value of cotton residues remains limited. This study explores a solid-state fermentation strategy utilizing two newly isolated strains, Paenibacillus sp. F4 (isolated from yak dung) and Cohnella xylanilytica T5 (isolated from humus), to improve the quality of cotton residue (CR) as an alternative feed for ruminants. Optimal fermentation parameters for both strains were determined through single-factor and orthogonal experiments (L18(36)). CR was subjected to solid-state fermentation using the optimal conditions with Paenibacillus sp. F4 and Cohnella xylanilytica T5. Results indicated that fermentation of CR by Paenibacillus sp. F4 significantly increased true protein content by 89.44 % and crude protein levels by 26.43 % (P < 0.05), while markedly reducing gossypol content by 23.33 % (P < 0.01). Similarly, fermentation by Cohnella xylanilytica T5 significantly enhanced true protein content by 96.90 % and crude protein levels by 39.35 % (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased gossypol content by 26.59 % (P < 0.01). Moreover, fermentation with Cohnella xylanilytica T5 increased the abundance of cellulolytic bacteria (Cellvibrio), enhanced enzyme activities related to cellulose degradation, and upregulated metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a honeycomb-like structure in the fermented CR, suggesting that the degradation of cellulose could be attributed to microbial activity. Overall, the SSF process is not only environmentally benign and cost-effective but also efficacious in improving the nutritional quality of CR while mitigating gossypol toxicity. These findings underscore the substantial potential of SSF as a means to valorize cotton processing by-products and reduce resource waste.

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