The C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) Transcription Factor Functions in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Microbial Infection

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Hu, Hai

作者： Hu, Hai;Tian, Mingxing;Ding, Chan;Yu, Shengqing

作者机构：

关键词： C/EBP homologous protein; endoplasmic reticulum stress; apoptosis; microorganisms; virus; bacteria

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY （ 影响因子：7.561； 五年影响因子：7.624 ）

ISSN： 1664-3224

年卷期： 2019 年 9 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Apoptosis is a form of cell death by which the body maintains the homeostasis of the internal environment. Apoptosis is an initiative cell death process that is controlled by genes and is mainly divided into endogenous pathways (mitochondrial pathway), exogenous pathways (death receptor pathway), and apoptotic pathways induced by endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress. The homeostasis imbalance in ER results in ER stress. Under specific conditions, ER stress can be bene ficial to the body; however, if ER protein homeostasis is not restored, the prolonged activation of the unfolded protein response may initiate apoptotic cell death via the up-regulation of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). CHOP plays an important role in ER stress-induced apoptosis and this review focuses on its multifunctional roles in that process, as well as its role in apoptosis during microbial infection. We summarize the upstream and downstream pathways of CHOP in ER stress induced apoptosis. We also focus on the newest discoveries in the functions of CHOP-induced apoptosis during microbial infection, including DNA and RNA viruses and some species of bacteria. Understanding how CHOP functions during microbial infection will assist with the development of antimicrobial therapies.

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