Crop Productivity and Nitrogen Balance as Influenced by Nitrogen Deposition and Fertilizer Application in North China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Jie

作者： Liu, Jie;Liang, Qiong;Jia, Yuehui;Li, Tingshu;Liu, Jie;Li, Jumei;Ma, Yibing;Liu, Jie;Wang, Enli;Wang, Guocheng;Wang, Guocheng

作者机构：

关键词： seasonal N deposition; wheat; maize; nitrogen uptake; nitrogen losses

期刊名称：SUSTAINABILITY （ 影响因子：3.251； 五年影响因子：3.473 ）

ISSN： 2071-1050

年卷期： 2019 年 11 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In spite of the importance of N management in agricultural production, closing the full nitrogen balance remains a challenge, mainly due to the uncertainties in both fluxes of nitrogen input and output. We analyzed N deposition and its influence on crop productivity and field nitrogen balance based on data from three of 15 years (1990-2005) of experiments in North China. The results showed that the average annual nitrogen deposition was 76, 80, and 94 kg N /ha at Changping, Zhengzhou, and Yangling in a wheat-maize rotation system, respectively. The deposited N could support a corresponding total biomass production (wheat plus maize) of 9.6, 10.6, and 8.8 Mg/ha with a total grain yield of 3.8, 4.8, and 3.7 Mg/ha, however, that did not cause a further decline in soil organic matter. N fertilizer application could increase total biomass (grain) by 244% (259%) and 74% (119%) for wheat and maize, respectively. Under optimal N management, N deposition accounted for 17-21% of the total N inputs, which affected significantly the recovery efficiency of applied N. N deposition showed a significant spatial variation in terms of the fraction of dry and wet depositions. On an annual average, N deposition roughly balanced out N losses due to NH3 volatilization and N2O loss from nitrification and denitrification. NH3 volatilization and NO3--N leaching each accounted for 16-20% of the total N outputs. A system modeling approach is recommended to investigate the spatial variation of N leaching as affected by climatic conditions, and to fully account for the nitrogen fluxes. The N deposition derived from this study can be used as the background N input into the wheat-maize double cropping system for N balance.

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