Effect of crowding stress on liver health, gut permeability and gut microbiota of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus)

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhang, Jian

作者： Zhang, Jian;Chen, Jie;Liang, Hui;Li, Ming;Zhou, Wenhao;Zhou, Zhigang;Yang, Yalin;Zhang, Zhen;Ran, Chao;Ding, Qianwen

作者机构：

关键词： Crowing stress; Apoptosis; Gut permeability; Gut microbiota; GIFT

期刊名称：AQUACULTURE （ 影响因子：3.9； 五年影响因子：4.1 ）

ISSN： 0044-8486

年卷期： 2025 年 594 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： This study investigated the effects of crowding stress on liver and gut health in genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus).). Fish averaging 18.90 +/- 0.01 g were reared at low (LD, 5 g/L) or high densities (HD, 100 g/L) for 14 days. The analysis revealed that the HD group significantly increased serum cortisol, glucose and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in GIFT (P < 0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were elevated in the HD group (P < 0.05). TUNEL staining of liver tissues revealed that the fluorescence intensity indicating apoptosis was significantly higher in the HD group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the HD group exhibited increased expression of p53 and Caspase3 in the liver (P < 0.05). In comparison to the LD group, the HD group showed a significant increase in gut superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P < 0.05). The expressions of inflammatory-related genes ( tnf alpha , il-1 beta, , il-8, and il-6) ) and pro-apoptotic genes (p53 and Caspase7) ) were significantly upregulated in the gut of the HD group (P < 0.05). Serum contents of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) were significantly elevated in HD group as comparison to LD group (P < 0.05), and significantly higher serum FITC-CM-dextran was observed in HD group versus LD group following oral gavage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the HD group down-regulated the expressions of gut tight junction proteins ( tjp2a , hif-1a, , and zo-1) ) (P < 0.05), and significantly up-regulated the protein expression of phosphorylated myosin light chain 2 (PMLC2) (P < 0.05). The 16S rDNA gene sequencing results indicated that the relative abundance of Cetobacterium was significantly lower (P < 0.05), and Enterovibrio and Weissella were significantly higher in the HD group (P < 0.05). Overall, crowding stress negatively affects GIFT liver and gut health, which is caused by inducing hepatic and intestinal apoptosis, impairing intestinal barrier function, and disrupting the gut microbiota.

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