A nano-pesticide with low toxicity for earthworms obtained by immobilizing avermectin onto Mg/Al layered double hydroxides

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Shi, Linlin

作者： Shi, Linlin;Dong, Fengshou;Xu, Jun;Wu, Xiaohu;Zheng, Yongquan;Pan, Xinglu;Shi, Linlin;Dong, Fengshou;Zheng, Yongquan;Zheng, Yongquan

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关键词： Mg/Al LDHs-AVM; Earthworms; Detoxification and metabolism; Environmental risk assessment

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：7.3； 五年影响因子：8.1 ）

ISSN： 0269-7491

年卷期： 2025 年 382 卷

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Nanopesticides offer significant advantages, such as enhancing pesticide bioactivity, increasing efficacy, and reducing overall usage. However, knowledge gaps regarding their environmental risks to non-target organisms hinder the industrial adoption of nanopesticides. In this study, abamectin was selected as a model pesticide, and earthworms (Eisenia foetida) were employed as representative non-target organisms to evaluate the environmental behavior and ecotoxicity mechanisms of abamectin-loaded layered double hydroxides nanopesticide (Mg/Al LDHs-AVM) in soil systems. The dissipation rate of LDHs-AVM in soil was 2.9-fold slower than that of abamectin technical (AVM TC). Compared with AVM TC, Mg/Al LDHs-AVM significantly reduced the accumulation of the active ingredient in earthworms by 35 %. Furthermore, Mg/Al LDHs-AVM enhanced the antioxidant and detoxification capacities of earthworms through Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles (Mg/Al LDHs), significantly upregulating detoxification-related genes (EfCYP2U1, EfADH1, EfGST-III, and EfGSTt1) involved in the CYP2E1 and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis pathways by 2.8- to 22.5-fold. Compared to AVM TC, Mg/Al LDHs-AVM could significantly reduce the MDA content in earthworms by half. These findings provide the first comprehensive safety assessment of Mg/Al LDHs-AVM, offering a novel approach to mitigate the ecotoxicity of AVM TC to non-target organisms through LDH NP-mediated delivery.

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