Geminivirus C5 proteins mediate formation of virus complexes at plasmodesmata for viral intercellular movement

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhao, Siwen

作者： Zhao, Siwen;Gong, Pan;Liu, Jie;Zhou, Xueping;Li, Fangfang;Liu, Hui;Zhou, Xueping;Lozano-Duran, Rosa

作者机构：

期刊名称：PLANT PHYSIOLOGY （ 影响因子：7.4； 五年影响因子：8.7 ）

ISSN： 0032-0889

年卷期： 2023 年

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Movement proteins (MPs) encoded by plant viruses deliver viral genomes to plasmodesmata (PD) to ensure intracellular and intercellular transport. However, how the MPs encoded by monopartite geminiviruses are targeted to PD is obscure. Here, we demonstrate that the C5 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) anchors to PD during the viral infection following trafficking from the nucleus along microfilaments in Nicotiana benthamiana. C5 could move between cells and partially complement the traffic of a movement-deficient turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) mutant (TuMV-GFP-P3N-PIPO-m1) into adjacent cells. The TYLCV-C5 null mutant (TYLCV-mC5) attenuates viral pathogenicity and decreases viral DNA and protein accumulation, and ectopic overexpression of C5 enhances viral DNA accumulation. Interaction assays between TYLCV-C5 and the other eight viral proteins described in TYLCV reveal that C5 associates with C2 in the nucleus and with V2 in the cytoplasm and at PD. The V2 protein is mainly localized in the nucleus and cytoplasmic granules when expressed alone; in contrast, V2 forms small punctate granules at PD when co-expressed with C5 or in TYLCV-infected cells. The interaction of V2 and C5 also facilitates their nuclear export. Furthermore, C5-mediated PD localization of V2 is conserved in two other geminiviruses. Therefore, this study solves a long-sought-after functional connection between PD and the geminivirus movement and improves our understanding of geminivirus-encoded MPs and their potential cellular and molecular mechanisms. Geminivirus C5 proteins promote the export of V2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and mediate its movement along the microfilaments to the PD, thereby promoting viral movement.

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