Effects of Dietary 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Growth, Nutrient Composition, and Intestinal Microflora in Juvenile Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Yiming

作者： Li, Yiming;Yao, Zongli;Zhou, Kai;Wei, Yuxing;Lai, Qifang;Zhang, Lin;Bao, Ning;Ye, Yucong;Zhu, Yashi;Zhao, Yunlong

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关键词： 5-Aminolevulinic acid; Litopenaeus vannamei; Growth; Gene expression; Intestinal health

期刊名称：MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY （ 影响因子：2.8； 五年影响因子：3.0 ）

ISSN： 1436-2228

年卷期： 2024 年 26 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an endogenous non-protein amino acid and has been used as a new type of growth promoter in aquaculture feed. This study explored the effects of 5-ALA on growth and intestinal health in juvenile shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimps were fed diets containing five different 5-ALA levels (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g/t) for 90 days. A concentration of 45 g/t 5-ALA significantly improved growth metrics, including the specific growth rate, protein efficiency, and feed conversion (P < 0.05). The optimal concentration of 5-ALA was 38.3 g/t, as indicated by broken-line regression. Dietary supplementation with 5-ALA increased the crude protein content of whole shrimp, but had no significant effect on the moisture, ash, or crude lipid content (P > 0.05). Suitable supplementation of 5-ALA (45 g/t, 60 g/t) improved the activities of the digestive enzymes alpha-amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and lipase, thus promoting digestion and absorption. Shrimp fed with 45 g/t 5-ALA had increased levels of essential amino acids in the muscles and a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the hepatopancreas. Supplementation with 45 or 60 g/t 5-ALA upregulated the expression of genes related to growth and molting, including chitinase, ecdysone receptor, retinoic X receptor, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I, heat shock protein 60, and heat shock protein 70. Moreover, dietary supplementation with 5-ALA affected the abundance of intestinal flora, increased the number of beneficial bacteria, and improved intestinal health. These results indicated that 5-ALA may significantly benefit shrimp health and aquaculture productivity, providing a novel theoretical basis for further research into 5-ALA as a dietary supplement.

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