Distribution Characteristics and Ecotoxicity Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Hydrothermal Carbonization Products of Corn Stalks

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Si, Hongyu

作者： Si, Hongyu;Ming, Wang;Koschany, Arthur Ernest;Chen, Xiuxiu;Yu, Hewei;Chao, Xiao;Xie, Xiaomei;Gong, Junhua;Yang, Lijun;Peng, Lizeng;Qiang, Yao;Lu, Jikai

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关键词： Hydrothermal carbon; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Toxic equivalent; Preparation process

期刊名称：BIORESOURCES （ 影响因子：1.6； 五年影响因子：1.7 ）

ISSN： 1930-2126

年卷期： 2025 年 20 卷 3 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of corn straw causes hydrolysis and pyrolytic reorganization of the carbon skeleton, leading to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). When used as a soil amendment, hydrothermal carbon can lead to soil contamination, increased biotoxicity, and potential harm to ecosystem health. To systematically evaluate PAHs formation mechanisms, single-factor experiments were carried out by treating corn straw under varying temperatures (180 to 300 degrees C) and durations (2 to 6 h) in a closed batch reactor. PAHs were quantified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with deuterated internal standards. Results revealed that total PAHs concentrations increased by 409%, 66.5%, and 68.3% at 180 degrees C, 210 degrees C, and 240 degrees C (4 h and 2 h), respectively, attributed to intensified dehydration and aromatization reactions under subcritical conditions. Conversely, PAHs levels decreased by 80.4% and 78.1% at 270 degrees C and 300 degrees C (4 h and 2 h), likely due to thermal cracking of PAHs macromolecules into low-molecular-weight fragments. Prolonged treatment (6 h and 4 h) reduced PAHs by 62.9 to 70.8% at <= 240 degrees C, suggesting oxidative degradation pathways dominate over pyrolysis under extended residence time. Mechanistic analysis indicated that optimizing HTC at 270 degrees C for 4 h achieves a critical balance between carbonization efficiency and PAHs suppression, providing a feasible strategy to mitigate ecotoxicological risks of hydrothermal carbon in soil remediation.

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