Natural Variations in Key Maturity Genes Underpin Soybean Cultivars Adaptation Beyond 50° N in Northeast China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Jia, Hongchang

作者： Jia, Hongchang;Wang, Peiguo;Bai, Jiangping;Han, Tianfu;Jia, Hongchang;Sun, Baiquan;Jiang, Bingjun;Wang, Peiguo;Naser, Mahmoud;Qian, Shuqing;Wang, Liwei;Zhang, Lixin;Sun, Shi;Han, Tianfu;Jia, Hongchang;Lu, Wencheng;Sun, Baiquan;Wang, Peiguo;Wang, Liwei;Han, Tianfu;Sinegovskii, Mikhail;Sinegovskaya, Valentina

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关键词： soybean; maturity group; photothermal adaptation; high-latitude cultivation; adaptability; haplotype

期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES （ 影响因子：4.9； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 1661-6596

年卷期： 2025 年 26 卷 7 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Expanding soybean planting is vital for food security both in China and globally. The 50 degrees N latitude serves as the northern boundary of major soybean regions. However, enhancing the adaptability of soybean to photothermal conditions enables the potential to extend cultivation to higher latitudes and altitudes. Understanding the genetic basis of super-early maturity of soybean is crucial to achieving this goal. In this study, 438 soybean germplasms collected from high-latitude regions were evaluated in Heihe (HH) (50 degrees 15 ' N, 127 degrees 28 ' E, 154 m), Beijicun (BJC) (53 degrees 28 ' N, 122 degrees 21 ' E, 295 m) and Labudalin (LBDL) (50 degrees 15 ' N, 120 degrees 19 ' E, 577 m). Using resequencing data, we analyzed natural variation and haplotypes in 35 key genes associated with flowering time and maturity. The results showed that the relative maturity groups (RMGs) for BJC, HH, and LBDL were -1.0, 0.0, and -1.2, respectively. Among the 35 genes analyzed, 23 had identical allelic variations, while 12 genes exhibited 19 SNPs and four InDels. Functional mutations were identified in E1, E2, E3, and E4. Notably, all cultivars carried the e1-as allele of E1, which is likely critical for high-latitude adaptation. Additional mutations included a single-base substitution in E2 (16142 A > T) and E3 (5203 C > T), causing premature codon termination, along with frameshift mutations in E4 (3726 and 4099) and E3 (2649). Haplotype analysis revealed significant differences in growth stages among nine gene haplotypes. The higher frequency of early-maturing haplotypes in BJC and LBDL highlights the role of gene accumulation in soybean adaptation. These findings offer valuable insights for improving soybean maturity and expanding its cultivation in high-latitude regions of China.

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