A single application of Cu to field soil has long-term effects on bacterial community structure, diversity, and soil processes

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wakelin, Steven Alan

作者： Wakelin, Steven Alan;Chu, Guixin;McLaughlin, Mike;Chu, Guixin;Liang, Yongchao;Liang, Yongchao;Lardner, Richard;McLaughlin, Mike

作者机构：

关键词： Bacteria;Copper;Community structure

期刊名称：PEDOBIOLOGIA （ 影响因子：1.812； 五年影响因子：3.096 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Long-term diversity-disturbance responses of soil bacterial communities to copper were determined from field-soils (Spalding; South Australia) exposed to Cu in doses ranging from 0 through to 4012 mg Cu kg~(-1) soil. Nearly 6 years after application of Cu, the structure of the total bacterial community showed change over the Cu gradient (PCR-DGGE profiling). 16S rRNA clone libraries, generated from unexposed and exposed (1003 mg Cu added kg~(-1) soil) treatments, had significantly different taxa composition. In particular, Acidobacteria were abundant in unexposed soil but were nearly absent from the Cu-exposed sample (P＜0.05), which was dominated by Firmicute bacteria (P＜0.05). Analysis of community profiles of Acidobacteria, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas showed significant changes in structural composition with increasing soil Cu. The diversity (Simpsons index) of the Acidobacteria community was more sensitive to increasing concentrations of CaClextractable soil Cu (Cu_(Ext)) than other groups, with decline in diversity occurring at 0.13 CuExt mg kg~(-1) soil. In contrast, diversity in the Bacillus community increased until 10.4 Cu_(Ext) mg kg~(-1) soil, showing that this group was 2 orders of magnitude more resistant to Cu than Acidobacteria. Sphingomonas was the most resistant to Cu; however, this group along with Pseudomonas represented only a small percentage of total soil bacteria. Changes in bacterial community structure, but not diversity, were concomitant with a decrease in catabolic function (BioLog). Reduction in function followed a doseresponse pattern with CuExt levels (R~2=0.86). The EC_(50) for functional loss was 0.21 CuExt mg kg~(-1) soil, which coincided with loss of Acidobacteria diversity. The microbial responses were confirmed as being due to Cu and not shifts in soil pH (from use of CuSO_4) as parallel Zn-based field plots (ZnSO_4) were dissimilar. Changes in the diversity of most bacterial groups with soil Cu followed a unimodal response–i.e. diversity initially increased with Cu addition until a critical value was reached, whereupon it sharply decreased. These responses are indicative of the intermediate-disturbance-hypothesis, a macroecological theory that has not been widely tested in environmental microbial ecosystems.

分类号： S154

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