The widespread presence of triazole fungicides in greenhouse soils in Shandong Province, China: A systematic study on human health and ecological risk assessments

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Dong, Zhan

作者： Dong, Zhan;Wang, Zhongni;Dong, Zhan;Cui, Kai;Liang, Jingyun;Guan, Shuai;Fang, Liping;Ding, Ruiyan;Wang, Jian;Li, Teng;Zhao, Shengying

作者机构：

关键词： Triazole fungicide; Greenhouse soil; Residue; Human health; Ecological risk

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：8.9； 五年影响因子：9.5 ）

ISSN： 0269-7491

年卷期： 2023 年 328 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Triazole fungicides (TFs) are extensively used on greenhouse vegetables and are ubiquitously detected in the environment. However, the human health and ecological risks associated with the presence of TFs in the soil are unclear. In this study, ten widely used TFs were measured in 283 soil samples from vegetable greenhouses across Shandong Province, China, and their potential human health and ecological risks were assessed. Among all soil samples, difenoconazole, myclobutanil, triadimenol, and tebuconazole were the top detected TFs, with detection rates of 85.2-100%; these TFs had higher residues, with average concentrations of 5.47-23.8 mu g/kg. Although most of the detectable TFs were present in low amounts, 99.3% of the samples were contaminated with 2-10 TFs. Human health risk assessment based on hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values indicated that TFs posed negligible non-cancer risks for both adults and children (HQ range, 5.33 x 10- 10 to 2.38 x 10-5; HI range, 1.95 x 10- 9 to 3.05 x 10-5, <1). Ecological risk assessment based on the toxicity exposure ratio (TER) and risk quotient (RQ) values indicated that difenoconazole was a potential risk factor for soil organisms (TERmax= 1 for Eisenia foetida, <5; RQmean = 1.19 and RQmax = 9.04, >1). Moreover, 84 of the 283 sites showed a high risk (RQsite range, 1.09-9.08, >1), and difenoconazole was the primary contributor to the overall risk. Considering their ubiquity and potential hazards, TFs should be continuously assessed and prioritized for pesticide risk management.

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