Detection of a New Recombinant Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 in China and Development of Virus-like Particle-Based Vaccine

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Hu, Bo

作者： Hu, Bo;Song, Yanhua;Fan, Zhiyu;Wang, Fang;Dong, Wenyu;Fan, Zhiyu;Wang, Fang;Song, Yanhua;Fan, Zhiyu;Wang, Fang;Cavadini, Patrizia

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关键词： rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus; GI.2; recombination; VP60; China

期刊名称：VIRUSES-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.5； 五年影响因子：3.7 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 17 卷 5 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a very virulent virus of the genus Lagovirus causing severe and fatal hepatitis in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). RHDV has two distinct genotypes: GI.1 (RHDV) and GI.2 (RHDV2). The first RHDV2/GI.2 strain was identified as a recombinant virus between a non-pathogenic (GI.3P) and a pathogenic (GI.2) lagovirus, and the recombination is thought to have been a key mechanism in the emergence and evolution of RHDV2. Here, a new variant of RHDV2 was identified affecting domestic rabbits on Chinese farms, with a mortality rate of 70-80%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the nonstructural portion of this newly identified strain's genome clustered with the GI.1a variants. In contrast, the capsid gene shared the highest nucleotide identity of 97.9% with the North American GI.2 strains, suggesting a possible introduction in China of North American strains and recombination with the GI.1a strains circulating in China. We have produced a recombinant vaccine using the first Chinese GI.2 strain, SC2020/0401, by cloning the vp60 gene into a baculovirus expression vector. Virus-like particles (VLPs) were then produced in Sf9 insect cells, and a challenge study was performed. Rabbits immunized with the VLP vaccine survived 7 d after being challenged with the new virus. The results indicate that commercial vaccines are urgently required in China to control the circulation of RHDV2 variants.

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