Modeling the effects of plant density on maize productivity and water balance in the Loess Plateau of China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Ren, Xinmao

作者： Ren, Xinmao;Sun, Dongbao;Wang, Qingsuo

作者机构：

关键词： Plant density;Rainfed maize;Yield;Water balance;Loess plateau;APSIM

期刊名称：AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：4.516； 五年影响因子：5.12 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Loess Plateau of China is an area with serious soil evaporation and large inter-annual rainfall variations. Water stress is the major limiting factor for crop production in local area. Optimizing plant density is one crucial management in semi-arid dry land areas where crop growth is constrained by precipitation and a high evaporative demand. The Agricultural Production System Simulator (APSIM) was parameterized and tested with two years datasets, and then used to investigate long-term rainfed maize productivity and water balance with the historical weather records. Model application showed that water use and yield were varied because of the plant density and the inter-annual variability of precipitation. Plant density presented no influence on the evapotranspiration (ET) in extremely dry years, dry years and mild wet years but a significantly (P < 0.05) influence in normal and extremely wet years. In extremely dry years, the grain yield and (WUE) were all significantly (P < 0.05) decreased when plant density increased. The grain yield and WUE showed a parabolic relation with the plant density except extremely dry years. On average, the maximum yield and WUE were 6715 kg ha(-1) and 1.81 kg m(-3) at 52500 plants ha(-1) (D-2) in dry years, 7857 kg ha(-1) and 1.92 kg m(-3) at 67500 plants ha(-1) (D-3) in normal years, 8937 kg ha(-1) and 2.19 kg m(-3) at 67500 plants ha(-1) (D-3) in mild wet years, and 9713 kg ha(-1) at 82500 plants ha(-1) (D-4) and 2.25 kg m(-3) at 67500 plants ha(-1) (D-3) in extremely wet years, respectively. However, no significant difference was obtained for average yield or WUE when compared traditional density of 52500 plants ha(-1) (D-2) with higher plant density. Compared with the traditional plant density of 52500 plants ha(-1) (D-2), the increase of plant density significantly (P < 0.05) reduced soil evaporation, only with the exception of extremely dry years. In order to get long term average benefits in the study area and similar agro-ecological zones, plant populations should not exceed 32500 plants ha(-1) (D-1) in extremely dry years, indeed, lower may be better. A plant density of 52500 plants ha(-1) (D-2) in dry years and 67500 plants ha(-1) (D-3) in normal years, mild wet years and extremely wet years are recommended as the optimum value, respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

分类号： S2

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