Effect of water activity and temperature on the growth of Aspergillus flavus, the expression of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes and aflatoxin production in shelled peanuts

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Xiao

作者： Liu, Xiao;Guan, Xuanli;Xing, Fuguo;Lv, Cong;Dai, Xiaofeng;Liu, Yang

作者机构：

关键词： Molds;Aspergillus flavus;Aflatoxin;Water activity;Temperature

期刊名称：FOOD CONTROL （ 影响因子：5.548； 五年影响因子：5.498 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The contamination of peanuts with Aspergillus flavus and subsequent aflatoxins is considered to be one of the most serious safety problems in the world. Water activity (a(w)) and temperature are limiting factors for fungal growth and aflatoxins production during storage. To optimize the practical storage parameter, the effect of a(w) (0.85-0.99) and temperature (15-42 degrees C) on fungal growth, aflatoxin production and the expression of aflatoxin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in shelled peanuts was investigated. A. flavus grew at a lower rate when temperature <= 20 degrees C or a(w) <= 0.85. For the growth of A. flavus in shelled peanuts, the optimum conditions were a(w) was 0.98, and the optimum temperature was 37 degrees C. The maximum amount of AFB(1) in peanuts was obtained at 28 degrees C and a(w) 0.96. Real-time analysis showed that 16 of 25 genes had highest expression levels at 28 degrees C under a(w) 0.92, while 9 genes had highest expression levels at 37 degrees C under a(w) 0.92. Compared with 37 degrees C, all aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes were down regulated at 42 degrees C. All the pathway genes and laeA were up-expressed at aw of 0.96 under 28 degrees C, compared to a(w) 0.99. Furthermore, there was a good positive correlation between the ratio of aflS/afIR and AFB(1) production. The expression of laeA was also positively correlated with AFB(1) production while the expression of brlA was correlated with the A. flavus growth. The results of this study suggest that AFB(1) production in peanut kernels can occur over a wider range of a(w) x temperatures levels compared to formula media and peanut media. Previous studies have showed that AFB(1) could not be produced on formula media at 37 degrees C without the expression of most aflatoxin structural genes. But, in the un-autoclaved shelled peanuts, high concentration of AFB(1) was produced at 37 degrees C with up-regulation of some aflatoxin biosynthetic genes. From a food safety point of view, the results can be used to optimize certain food technological processes and develop prevention strategies to control such carcinogenic natural metabolites in grains (such as peanuts, maize and rice) and derived products. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

分类号： S7

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