The genetic and molecular basis of crop height based on a rice model

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Fang

作者： Liu, Fang;Wang, Pandi;Li, Xiaofei;Yan, Xiaohong;Wu, Gang;Zhang, Xiaobo;Fu, Donghui

作者机构：

关键词： Plant height;Dwarf gene;Rice;Gibberellins;Brassinosteroids;Strigolactones;Agronomic trait;Breeding

期刊名称：PLANTA （ 影响因子：4.116； 五年影响因子：4.316 ）

ISSN： 0032-0935

年卷期： 2018 年 247 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： This review presents genetic and molecular basis of crop height using a rice crop model. Height is controlled by multiple genes with potential to be manipulated through breeding strategies to improve productivity. Height is an important factor affecting crop architecture, apical dominance, biomass, resistance to lodging, tolerance to crowding and mechanical harvesting. The impressive increase in wheat and rice yield during the 'green revolution' benefited from a combination of breeding for high-yielding dwarf varieties together with advances in agricultural mechanization, irrigation and agrochemical/fertilizer use. To maximize yield under irrigation and high fertilizer use, semi-dwarfing is optimal, whereas extreme dwarfing leads to decreased yield. Rice plant height is controlled by genes that lie in a complex regulatory network, mainly involved in the biosynthesis or signal transduction of phytohormones such as gibberellins, brassinosteroids and strigolactones. Additional dwarfing genes have been discovered that are involved in other pathways, some of which are uncharacterized. This review discusses our current understanding of the regulation of plant height using rice as a well-characterized model and highlights some of the most promising research that could lead to the development of new, high-yielding varieties. This knowledge underpins future work towards the genetic improvement of plant height in rice and other crops.

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