The probiotic Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of egg production, gut morphology, and intestinal mucosal immunity in laying hens
文献类型: 外文期刊
第一作者: Deng, W.
作者: Deng, W.;Dong, X. F.;Tong, J. M.;Zhang, Q.
作者机构:
关键词: heat stress;immunity;intestine;laying hen;probiotic
期刊名称:POULTRY SCIENCE ( 影响因子:3.352; 五年影响因子:3.679 )
ISSN: 0032-5791
年卷期: 2012 年 91 卷 3 期
页码:
收录情况: SCI
摘要: We investigated the effect of a 12-d exposure to 34 degrees C plus dietary inclusion of the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis on the egg production, gut morphology, and intestinal mucosal immunity of laying hens. Ninety-six commercial hens (Hy-Line Brown) at the age of 60 wk were randomly allocated to 4 groups. After a period of laying rate adjustment (14 d), all the hens were subjected to 2 temperature treatments (12 d). Birds in 1 group were raised at 21 degrees C and fed a basal diet, and birds in the other 3 groups were raised at 34 degrees C and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 10(6), or 10(7) cfu of B. licheniformis per gram of feed, respectively. Rearing at 34 degrees C depressed egg production and feed intake (P < 0.05). Compared with birds kept at 21 degrees C, birds kept at 34 degrees C had elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (d 6), IL-1 (d 6 and 12), and corticosterone (d 6); decreased villus height (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12) and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12); fewer intraepithelial lymphocytes (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6) and IgA-secreting cells (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12); and more mast cells (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12; P < 0.05). The number of goblet cells in the cecum increased at d 6 in heat-treated birds, and then deceased at d 12 (P < 0.05). Moreover, morphological examination showed injury to the villi of birds kept at 34 degrees C. In general, inclusion of 10(7) cfu/g of B. licheniformis in the diet of heat-stressed hens was effective in overcoming the observed decline in egg production and feed intake, restoring the impaired villus structure, and sustaining a balanced mucosal immune response. Therefore, the probiotic B. licheniformis may be useful for ameliorating the adverse influence of heat on the egg production and gut health of laying hens.
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