Physiological and Anatomical Trait Integration Reveals Variability for Drought Resilience in Barley

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Akram, Muhammad Irfan

作者： Akram, Muhammad Irfan;Ahmed, Hafiz Ghulam Muhu Din;Yang, Xiaomeng;Yang, Jiazhen;Zeng, Yawen;Akram, Muhammad Irfan;Iqbal, Rashid;Iqbal, Rashid;Gurbanova, Lala;Ali, M. Ajmal;Elshik, Mohamed S.

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关键词： barley; drought; physiology; anatomy; genotypes; resilience

期刊名称：ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH （ 影响因子：1.0； 五年影响因子：0.8 ）

ISSN： 1222-4227

年卷期： 2025 年 42 卷

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： This study evaluated 20 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under well-watered and drought-induced conditions to investigate physiological and anatomical adaptations contributing to drought tolerance. Conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, the experiment quantified six key traits: Cell Membrane Thermostability (CMT), Total Chlorophyll Content (TCC), Stomata Size (SS), Stomata Frequency (SF), Leaf Venation (LV), and Epidermal Cell Size (ECS). Significant genotypic (p < 0.01), environmental (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), and genotype x environment interaction effects (p < 0.05) were observed for all traits, highlighting both genetic diversity and environmental influence on drought responses. Under drought, mean CMT and TCC decreased from 59.85 to 54.70 and from 60.11 to 50.90, respectively, while ECS increased from 2591.80 to 2689.15, indicating adaptive anatomical reconfiguration. Principal Component Analysis explained 96.42% and 97.17% of the total variation under normal and drought conditions, respectively, underscoring robust multivariate trait discrimination. Genotypes G8, G13, and G17 consistently outperformed others, exhibiting superior CMT (60.62, 60.56, 60.55), TCC (56.66, 56.43, 56.63), and ECS (2780.32 each), along with optimal stomatal and venation traits, indicating enhanced physiological resilience. Conversely, G7, G11, and G19 exhibited inferior performance across all traits. These findings affirm the utility of integrative physiological and anatomical trait analysis in identifying drought-resilient barley genotypes and provide a strong empirical basis for their incorporation into breeding programs aimed at climate adaptation and yield stability.

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