Cultivated Grapevines Represent a Symptomless Reservoir for the Transmission of Hop Stunt Viroid to Hop Crops: 15 Years of Evolutionary Analysis

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Shi-Fang

作者： Li, Shi-Fang;Tagawa, Masaya;Araki, Hiroyuki;Goshono, Masafumi;Yamamoto, Shingen;Tanaka, Mayumi;Narita, Masako;Tanaka, Kazuaki;Sano, Teruo;Liu, Sheng-Xue;Shikata, Eishiro

作者机构：

期刊名称：PLOS ONE （ 影响因子：3.24； 五年影响因子：3.788 ）

ISSN： 1932-6203

年卷期： 2009 年 4 卷 12 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Hop stunt was a mysterious disorder that first emerged in the 1940s in commercial hops in Japan. To investigate the origin of this disorder, we infected hops with natural Hop stunt viroid (HpSVd) isolates derived from four host species ( hop, grapevine, plum and citrus), which except for hop represent possible sources of the ancestral viroid. These plants were maintained for 15 years, then analyzed the HpSVd variants present. Here we show that the variant originally found in cultivated grapevines gave rise to various combinations of mutations at positions 25, 26, 54, 193, and 281. However, upon prolonged infection, these variants underwent convergent evolution resulting in a limited number of adapted mutants. Some of them showed nucleotide sequences identical to those currently responsible for hop stunt epidemics in commercial hops in Japan, China, and the United States. Therefore, these results indicate that we have successfully reproduced the original process by which a natural HpSVd variant naturally introduced into cultivated hops was able to mutate into the HpSVd variants that are currently present in commercial hops. Furthermore, and importantly, we have identified cultivated grapevines as a symptomless reservoir in which HSVd can evolve and be transmitted to hop crops to cause epidemics.

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