Synergistic Effects of Elevated CO2 and Enhanced Light Intensity on Growth Dynamics, Stomatal Phenomics, Leaf Anatomy, and Photosynthetic Performance in Tomato Seedlings

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Pan, Tonghua

作者： Pan, Tonghua;Zhang, Wenya;Fu, Bingyan;Lv, Gaoqiang;Du, Wentao;Zhou, Xiaoting;Cao, Kai;Bao, Encai;Wang, Yunlong

作者机构：

关键词： carbon dioxide; photosynthetic photon flux density; leaf structural plasticity; stomatal regulation; carbon assimilation efficiency; Solanum lycopersicum Mill.

期刊名称：HORTICULTURAE （ 影响因子：3.0； 五年影响因子：3.2 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 11 卷 7 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Elevated [CO2] enhances light interception and carboxylation efficiency in plants. The combined effects of [CO2] and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on stomatal morphology, leaf anatomy, and photosynthetic capacity in tomato seedlings remain unclear. This study subjected tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Jingpeng No.1) to two [CO2] (ambient [a[CO2], 400 mu molmol-1] and enriched [e[CO2], 800 mu molmol-1]) and three PPFD levels (L; low[Ll: 200 mu molm-2s-1], moderate[Lm: 300 mu molm-2s-1], and high[Lh: 400 mu molm-2s-1]) to assess their interactive impacts. Results showed that e[CO2] and increased PPFD synergistically improved relative growth rate and net assimilation rate while reducing specific leaf area and leaf area ratio. Notably, e[CO2] decreased stomatal aperture (-13.81%) and density (-27.76%), whereas elevated PPFD promoted stomatal morphological adjustments. Additionally, Leaf thickness increased by 72.98% under e[CO2], with Lm and Lh enhancing this by 10.79% and 41.50% compared to Ll. Furthermore, photosynthetic performance under e[CO2] was further evidenced by improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (excluding non-photochemical quenching). While both e[CO2] and increased PPFD Photosynthetic performance under e[CO2] was further evidenced by improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (excluding non-photochemical quenching). Moreover, e[CO2]-Lh treatment maximized total dry mass and seedling health index. Correlation analysis indicated that synergistic optimization of stomatal traits and leaf structure under a combination of e[CO2] and increased PPFD enhanced light harvesting and CO2 diffusion, thereby promoting carbon assimilation. These findings highlight e[CO2]-Lh as an optimal strategy for tomato seedling growth, providing empirical guidance for precision CO2 fertilization and light management in controlled cultivation.

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