Exploring the Chemical Constituents and Nutritive Potential of Bee Drone (Apilarnil): Emphasis on Antioxidant Properties

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Abd El-Wahed, Aida A.

作者： Abd El-Wahed, Aida A.;Khalifa, Shaden A. M.;Aldahmash, Badr;Zhang, Hongcheng;Du, Ming;Zhao, Chao;Tahir, Haroon Elrasheid;Saeed, Aamer;Hussain, Hidayat;Guo, Zhiming;El-Seedi, Hesham R.

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关键词： Apilarnil; nutritive value; LC-MS/MS; GC-MS/MS; antioxidant

期刊名称：CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY （ 影响因子：2.9； 五年影响因子：2.8 ）

ISSN： 1612-1872

年卷期： 2024 年 21 卷 5 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： A lesser-known bee product called drone brood homogenate (DBH, apilarnil) has recently attracted scientific interest for its chemical and biological properties. It contains pharmacologically active compounds that may have neuroprotective, antioxidant, fertility-enhancing, and antiviral effects. Unlike other bee products, the chemical composition of bee drone larva is poorly studied. This study analyzed the chemical compostion of apilarnil using several methods. These included liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a combination of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with solid phase micro-extraction (SPME/GC-MS). Additionally, antioxidant activity of the apilarnil was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. A chemical assessment of apilarnil showed that it has 6.3 +/- 0.00, 74.67 +/- 0.10 %, 3.65 +/- 0.32 %, 8.80 +/- 1.01 %, 13.16 +/- 0.94 %, and 8.79 +/- 0.49 % of pH, moisture, total lipids, proteins, flavonoids, and carbohydrates, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis and molecular networking (GNPS) of apilarnil exhibited 44 compounds, including fatty acids, flavonoids, glycerophospholipids, alcohols, sugars, amino acids, and steroids. GC-MS detected 30 volatile compounds in apilarnil, mainly esters (24 %), ketones (23.84 %), ethers (15.05 %), alcohols (11.41 %), fatty acids (10.06), aldehydes (6.73 %), amines (5.46), and alkene (5.53 %). The antioxidant activity of apilarnil was measured using DPPH with an IC50 of 179.93 +/- 2.46 mu g/ml. image

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