Temperature-mediated developmental delay may limit yield of cotton in relay intercrops with wheat

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： L. Zhang

作者： L. Zhang;W. van der Werf;S. Zhang;B. Li;J.H.J. Spiertz

作者机构：

关键词： air temperature;soil temperature;soil cover;thermal time;physiological time;phenology

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2008 年 106 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In the Yellow River valley of China, more then 1.4 million ha of cotton are grown as relay intercrops with wheat. Cotton is sown in April when winter wheat is already in the reproductive phase; thus, a wheat crop with a fully developed canopy will compete for resources with cotton plants in the seedling stage. Yields of cotton are lower in relay intercropping systems than in a monocrop, but the aggregate yield of the cotton-wheat system is greater than of monocultures of the component crops. We study the hypothesis that the lower yield of intercropped cotton is a consequence of delayed development and fruit formation of the cotton as a result of a lowered temperature experienced by seedlings in the intercrop, compared to monoculture, due to shading by wheat. Field experiments were conducted in 3 subsequent years in Anyang, Henan, China. Wheat and cotton were grown as monocrops and as strip intercrops. Four intercrop layouts were investigated, differing in number of wheat and cotton rows in a strip: 3:1, 3:2, 4:2 and 6:2. Developmental stage of the cotton was recorded at regular intervals during the growing cycle while air and soil temperatures were measured with thermocouples at several soil depths and cross-row positions in the canopy. Temperatures at and near the soil surface were substantially (on average 3 degrees C) lower in intercrops than in monoculture, especially on sunny days, thus lowering the rate of temperature accumulation of cotton seedlings in intercrops, compared to those in monocultures. Cotton in intercrops showed a pronounced delay in early development, e.g. attainment of the squaring stage, compared to monocrops. The period from planting to first square, expressed in thermal time (TT), lasted 531 degrees C d in cotton monoculture and 638-670 degrees C d in intercrops. There were no significant differences in developmental delay between different intercropping patterns. The formation of fruits in intercrops lagged behind by 9-15 d, compared to monoculture, while the number of fruit nodes per plant, averaged over 3 years, was reduced from 30.3 in monocrops to 19.9 in intercrops. The later formation of fruits thus results in a reduction in fruit number and also in a reduction in average age of the fruits, limiting their growth and the sink capacity of the plant as a whole. A plastic film cover increased temperatures in a 3:2 intercrop at the soil surface by 1.9 degrees C and at 5 cm soil depth by 2.7 degrees C, thus restoring the thermal conditions to levels common in monoculture. A cover with straw, however, decreased the temperature at the soil surface by 2.9 degrees C and at 5 cm depth by 1.3 degrees C. We conclude that the thermal climate in wheat-cotton intercrops is suboptimal for the cotton seedlings. The resulting delay in development of cotton culminates in a lower reproductive capacity and sink capacity. In combination with a reduced source strength, due to later and reduced canopy development in intercropped cotton, these effects result in a lint yield that is substantially lower than in monoculture cotton. This constraint can be ameliorated by measures that improve light capture and heat loading by the cotton, e.g. planting a semi-dwarf wheat or cultivation of cotton on ridges, or application of a plastic film mulch in the cotton seed bed. Early maturing cotton cultivars are at an advantage in intercropping systems. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

分类号：

  • 相关文献

[1]Climate change and glacier area variations in China during the past half century. Tian Hong-zhen,He Ying-bin,Tian Hong-zhen,Yang Tai-bao,Lv Hui,Li Cheng-xiu,Li Cheng-xiu,He Ying-bin. 2016

[2]Mathematical study of the effects of temperature and humidity on the mycelium growth of Pleurotus eryngii. Yang Juan,Zhao JingYin,Yu Hailong,Tang LiHua,Wang RuiJuan. 2012

[3]Performance of Household Heat Pumps for Nighttime Cooling of a Tomato Greenhouse during the Summer. Tong, Y.,Tong, Y.,Kozai, T.,Ohyama, K.,Ohyama, K..

[4]Modeling greenhouse air humidity by means of artificial neural network and principal component analysis. He, Fen,Ma, Chengwei,He, Fen.

[5]An Evaluation of Minimum Tillage in the Corn-wheat Cropping System in Hebei Province, China: Wheat productivity and water conservation. Yang, Xiaomei,Yin, Changbin,Li, Guichun,Chien, Hsiaoping,Nagumo, Fujio. 2016

[6]Soil temperature effects on emergence and survival of Iris lactea seedlings. Huang, D.,Han, J. G.,Huang, D.,Wu, W. L.,Wu, J. Y..

[7]Spring wheat performance and water use efficiency on permanent raised beds in arid northwest China. He, Jin,Li, Hongwen,Wang, Qingjie,Zhang, Xuemin,Zhang, Xirui,Mchugh, A. D.,Ma, Zhongmin,Cao, Xinhui. 2008

[8]Root development and water uptake in winter wheat under different irrigation methods and scheduling for North China. Jha, Shiva K.,Gao, Yang,Liu, Hao,Huang, Zhongdong,Wang, Guangshuai,Liang, Yueping,Duan, Aiwang,Jha, Shiva K.,Wang, Guangshuai,Liang, Yueping.

[9]Soil respiration is driven by fine root biomass along a forest chronosequence in subtropical China. Wang, Chao,Ma, Yinlei,Huang, Yuanyuan,He, Jin-Sheng,Wang, Chao,Ma, Yinlei,Huang, Yuanyuan,He, Jin-Sheng,Trogisch, Stefan,Trogisch, Stefan,Geng, Yan,Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael. 2017

[10]EFFECT OF FARMLAND SURFACE COVERED POROUS MULCH MATERIALS ON SOIL WATER, HEAT AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE. Feng, L. S.,Sun, Z. X.,Zheng, J. M.,Yang, N.,Bai, W.,Feng, C.,Yan, C. R.,Zheng, M. Z.. 2015

[11]Estimating the impacts of climate change on crop yields and N2O emissions for conventional and no-tillage in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. He, Wentian,He, Ping,Zhou, Wei,He, Wentian,Yang, J. Y.,Drury, C. F.,Smith, W. N.,Grant, B. B.,Qian, B.,Hoogenboom, G.. 2018

[12]Effect of mulch and irrigation practices on soil water, soil temperature and the grain yield of maize (Zea mays L) in Loess Plateau, China. Liu Yi,Shen Yufang,Yang Shenjiao,Li Shiqing,Liu Yi,Chen Fang,Yang Shenjiao. 2011

[13]Estimation of N2O emission from tea garden soils, their adjacent vegetable garden and forest soils in eastern China. Han, Wenyan,Xu, Jianming,Han, Wenyan,Wei, Kang,Shi, Yuanzhi,Ma, Lifeng. 2013

[14]Effect of alternative tillage and residue cover on yield and water use efficiency in annual double cropping system in North China Plain. He Jin,Wang Qingjie,Li Hongwen,Gao Huanwen,Liu Lijin.

[15]Root Water Uptake Model Considering Soil Temperature. Lv, Guohua,Liu, Buchun,Song, Jiqing,Hu, Wei,Kang, Yaohu,Li, Lan.

[16]Annual and seasonal variations of Q(10) soil respiration in the sub-alpine forests of the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Chen, Baoyu,Liu, Shirong,Chen, Baoyu,Ge, Jianping,Chu, Jinxiang. 2010

[17]Effects of soil temperature on degradation of oxytetracycline in soils. Li Zhao-jun,Fan Fei-fei,Long Jian. 2013

[18]Effects of Different Soil Micro-catchment Pattern on Soil Moisture and Heat in the Semi-Arid Area of Western Liaoning Province. Xiao, Zhijing,Wang, Dianwu,Sun, Zhanxiang,Feng, Liangshan,Feng, Chen. 2013

[19]The response of grassland productivity, soil carbon content and soil respiration rates to different grazing regimes in a desert steppe in northern China. Hou, Xiangyang,Wang, Zhen,Ji, Lei,Yun, Xiangjun,Michael, Schellenberg P..

[20]Mitigated CH4 and N2O emissions and improved irrigation water use efficiency in winter wheat field with surface drip irrigation in the North China Plain. Wang, Guangshuai,Liang, Yueping,Zhang, Qian,Jha, Shiva K.,Gao, Yang,Shen, Xiaojun,Sun, Jingsheng,Duan, Aiwang,Wang, Guangshuai,Liang, Yueping,Jha, Shiva K..

作者其他论文 更多>>

微信小程序