SO2, NOx and acid deposition problems in China impact on agriculture

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yang, L

作者： Yang, L;Stulen, I;De Kok, LJ;Zheng, Y

作者机构：

关键词： SO2;NOx;acid precipitation;air pollution;economic loss;effect;agriculture;China

期刊名称：PHYTON-ANNALES REI BOTANICAE （ 影响因子：0.667； 五年影响因子：0.41 ）

ISSN： 0079-2047

年卷期： 2002 年 42 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： China, one of the most populated countries in the world, has experienced an unprecedented period of industrial development - the rapid growth of the economy resulting in a high demand for energy. More than 75 % of primary energy is supplied by domestic coal which has a high S and dust content. This reliance on coal as the principle source of energy has resulted in air pollution dominated by SO2, particulates, NOx and acid rain. In comparison with most of the other developing countries in Asia, China has a higher rate of increase in energy consumption. Although some air pollution control measures are adopted in China, the emission Of SO2 is still one of the biggest in the world. The dramatic increase in vehicle numbers in Beijing city and growing industrial activity have resulted in a 33-fold increase in NOx emission between 1950 and 1990. Visible injury and growth and yield reductions caused by air pollutants are common phenomena in the fields in and around some industrialized areas in China. Vegetables, fruit trees and agricultural/horticultural crops appear most at risk, since most of them are grown close to the densely populated areas. Recent studies on vegetable species (Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea, Lactuca sativa and Raphanus sativus) grown in pots at distances from 5 to >20 kin downwind of the city of Chongqing showed that in comparison with the 'clean site', >20 kin from Chongqing, yields of all four vegetable species at the two sites closest to the city were significantly (45 - 88 %) decreased by ambient air pollution. Few controlled studies have been directed at quantifying the impacts Of SO2 on crops and vegetation in China and even less have attempted to investigate the combined effects Of SO2 and other air pollutants as NOx. Most of the research has been conducted using unrealistically high pollutant concentrations for a short time period, and little work has been directed at investigating the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, research on i) the mechanisms underlying the impact of chronic exposure at realistic levels of pollutants on growth, physiology, yield and quality of crops, and ii) field-based impact assessments to quantify the extent of crop loss due to air pollution in China, in relation to fertilizer practice, are urgently needed.

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