A high plant density reduces the ability of maize to use soil nitrogen

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yan, Peng

作者： Yan, Peng;Pan, Junxiao;Zhang, Wenjie;Shi, Junfang;Chen, Xinping;Cui, Zhenling;Yan, Peng

作者机构：

期刊名称：PLOS ONE （ 影响因子：3.24； 五年影响因子：3.788 ）

ISSN： 1932-6203

年卷期： 2017 年 12 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Understanding the physiological changes associated with high grain yield and high N use efficiency (NUE) is important when increasing the plant density and N rate to develop optimal agronomic management. We tested the hypothesis that high plant densities resulting in crowding stress reduce the ability of plants to use the N supply post-silking, thus decreasing the grain yield and NUE. In 2013 and 2014, a field experiment, with five N-application rates and three plant densities (6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 plants m(-2)), was conducted in the North China Plain (NCP). The calculated maximum grain yield and agronomic use efficiency (AEN) at a density of 7.5 plants m(-2) were 12.4 Mg ha(-1) and 39.3 kg kg(-1), respectively, which were significantly higher than the values obtained at densities of 6.0 (11.3 Mg ha(-1) and 30.2 kg kg(-1)) and 9.0 plant m(-2) (11.7 Mg ha(-1) and 27.8 kg kg(-1)). A high plant density of 9.0 plants m(-2) decreased the post-silking N accumulation, leaf N concentration and net photosynthesis, which reduced the post-silking dry matter production, resulting in a low yield and NUE. Although a relatively low grain yield was observed at a density of 9.0 plants m(-2), the optimal N rate increased from 150 to 186 kg N ha(-1) at a density of 7.5 plants m(-2). These results indicate that high plant densities with crowding stress reduce the ability of plants to use soil N during the post-silking period, and high rate of N fertilizer was needed to increase grain yield. We conclude that selecting the appropriate plant density combined with optimal N management could increase grain yields and the NUE in the NCP.

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