One-off irrigation improves water and nitrogen use efficiency and productivity of wheat as mediated by nitrogen rate and tillage in drought-prone areas

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhao, Kainan

作者： Zhao, Kainan;Wang, Hongtao;Wu, Jinzhi;Huang, Xiuli;Wu, Shanwei;Zhang, Jun;Zhang, Zhenwang;Hou, Yuanquan;Zhao, Zhiming;Li, Shuang;Guo, Jinhua;Zhao, Wenxin;Li, Shujing;Li, Wenna;Huang, Ming;Li, Youjun;Liu, Akang;Li, Guoqiang

作者机构：

关键词： One-off irrigation; Sub-soiling; Nitrogen; Yield; Nitrate-N residue

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.8； 五年影响因子：6.9 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2023 年 295 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Problem: Water deficiency is an important factor limiting wheat production in northern China. Fortunately, at present, one-off irrigation for wheat can be guaranteed in some drought-prone areas with the quick development of the high-standard construction of farmland in China, but the information about how to better utilize one-off irrigation is limited. Moreover, the interactive effects of irrigation, tillage, and nitrogen (N) rate on grain yield and water and N use efficiency in wheat are poorly understood. Objective or research question: This study aimed to determine if and how one-off irrigation interacted with tillage and N fertilization to affect wheat productivity, resource use efficiency, and soil nitrate-N residues in a drought -prone area of China. Methods: Using a split-split plot design with three replications, we conducted a three-year (2019-2022) field experiment at the intersection between the Loess Plateau and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in China. The main plots were assigned to two irrigation levels (non-irrigation and one-off irrigation), while three tillage methods (rotary tillage, sub-soiling, and plowing) and four N rates (0, 120, 180, and 240 kg N ha-1, represented by N0, N120, N180, and N240, respectively) were assigned to the subplots and sub-subplots, respectively. Grain yield, plant N accumulation, water and N use efficiency, and soil nitrate-N residues were examined. Results: One-off irrigation increased the grain yield, plant N accumulation, and water and N use efficiency, but decreased the soil nitrate-N residues in the 0-200 cm soil layer at wheat harvest. Although one-off irrigation, tillage, and N rate did not interactively affect grain yield and water and N efficiency, the improvement in one-off irrigation was considerably affected by N rate, and there was a significant interaction between tillage and the N rate on grain yield and water and N efficiency. One-off irrigation combined with sub-soiling and N180 improved grain yield and water use efficiency more than other treatment combinations in all three years. Furthermore, one-off irrigation combined with sub-soiling and N180 optimized plant N accumulation and the N harvest index, thus increasing grain N accumulation, N uptake efficiency, N agronomy efficiency, and N apparent use efficiency by 44.8%, 42.7%, 33.5%, and 55.1%, respectively, and decreased nitrate-N residue in the 0-200 cm soil by 14.2% compared with sub-soiling combined with N180 under non-irrigation, averaged across three years. Conclusions: One-off irrigation combined with sub-soiling and N180 is an optimal strategy for high-yielding, high -efficient, and low soil nitrate-N residues of wheat in the drought-prone area. Implications or significance: This study provides an important reference for manipulating tillage and N rate under one-off irrigation to improve grain yield and resource use efficiency in drought-prone areas.

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