The highly pathogenic strain of porcine deltacoronavirus disrupts the intestinal barrier and causes diarrhea in newborn piglets

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yao, Xin

作者： Yao, Xin;Lu, Wei-Hong;Qiao, Wen-Ting;Zhang, Yu-Qian;Zhang, Bao-Ying;Li, Jin-Long;Li, Hui-Xin;Li, Jin-Long;Li, Jin-Long

作者机构：

关键词： Porcine deltacoronavirus; CH/LNFX/2022; evolutionary analysis; neutralizing epitope mutations; validation of regression

期刊名称：VIRULENCE （ 影响因子：5.4； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 2150-5594

年卷期： 2025 年 16 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is increasingly prevalent in newborn piglets with diarrhea. With the development of research on the virus and the feasibility of PDCoV cross-species transmission, the biosafety and the development of pig industry have been greatly affected. In this study, a PDCoV strain CH/LNFX/2022 was isolated from diarrheal newborn piglets at a farm in China. A genome-wide based phylogenetic analysis suggests that 97.5% to 99.2% homology existed in the whole genomes of other strains. Five amino acid mutations are seen for the first time in the S protein. By constructing 3D models, it was found that the S1-NTD/CTD and S2-HR-C regions produced structural alterations. Protein functional analysis showed that the structural changes of the three regions changed the epitope of S protein, the O-GalNAc glycosylation site and the 3C-like protease cleavage site. In addition, oral administration of 107 TCID50 CH/LNFX/2022 to newborn piglets successfully reproduced obvious clinical signs of piglets, such as diarrhea and dehydration. Meanwhile, PDCoV antigen was detected by immunofluorescence in the small intestine, and microscopic lesions and intestinal mucosal barrier destruction were detected by histological observation and scanning electron microscopy. Our study confirmed that porcine coronavirus strains increased pathogenicity through evolution, damaged the intestinal barrier of newborn piglets, and caused diarrhea in pigs. This study provided the candidate strains and theoretical basis for establishing the prevention and control system of vaccine and diagnostic methods for piglet diarrhea.

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