The effect of a ketogenic diet on inflammation-related markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Ji, Jiawei

作者： Ji, Jiawei;Fotros, Danial;Fatahi, Somaye;Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan;Velu, Periyannan;Liu, Yinghao

作者机构：

关键词： CRP; IL-6; inflammation; ketogenic diet; meta-analysis; TNF-alpha

期刊名称：NUTRITION REVIEWS （ 影响因子：6.1； 五年影响因子：7.8 ）

ISSN： 0029-6643

年卷期： 2024 年

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Context: Despite the important role of inflammation-related factors on the occurrence of chronic diseases, there is still conflicting evidence about the effects of the ketogenic diet (KD) on these factors.Objective: In order to obtain a better viewpoint, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of a KD on inflammation-related markers.Data Sources: To find pertinent randomized controlled trials up to August 2023, databases including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched.Data Extraction: This study included all randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of a KD on C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were achieved by random-effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes.Data Analysis: Forty-four studies were included in this article. The pooled findings showed that a KD has an effect on lowering TNF-alpha (WMD: -0.32 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.55, -0.09; P = 0.007) and IL-6 (WMD: -0.27 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.02; P = 0.036) compared with control groups. However, no significant effect was reported for others inflammation marker-related levels. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that, in trials following the KD for <= 8 weeks and in people aged <= 50 years, the reduction in TNF-alpha levels was significantly higher than in other groups. In addition, in people with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m(2) compared to a body mass index <= 30 kg/m(2), IL-6 levels decreased to a greater extent after receiving the KD.Conclusions: Consequently, adherence to a KD appears to improve some markers associated with inflammation, including TNF-alpha and IL-6.

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