Effects of Combined Application of Chemical Fertilizer and Biochar on Soil Physio-Biochemical Properties and Maize Yield

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wu, Jiajun

作者： Wu, Jiajun;Jin, Liang;Wei, Dan;Li, Yan;Sun, Xin;Wang, Wen;Wang, Lei;Wu, Jiajun;Wang, Na;Pang, Min;Wang, Lei;Li, Dahao;Wang, Junqiang

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关键词： soil fertilization; soil amendment; biochar; black soil; Northeast China; yield

期刊名称：AGRICULTURE-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.6； 五年影响因子：3.6 ）

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年卷期： 2023 年 13 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Excessive, long-term chemical fertilizer application adversely affects soil quality and maize yield. The combined application of biochar with chemical fertilizer can increase maize yield and improve soil fertility. A four-year field experiment was conducted to determine soil physio-biochemical properties and maize yield under a soybean-maize rotation in the black soils of Northeast China. There were five treatments, including no fertilization (CK), fertilizer (NPK), fertilizer + biochar (15.75 t & BULL;hm(-2), BC1), fertilizer + biochar (31.50 t & BULL;hm(-2), BC2), and fertilizer + biochar (47.25 t & BULL;hm(-2), BC3). Compared with CK, the number of macroaggregates and the average weight diameter of soil aggregates in BC2 treatment increased significantly by 10.3% and 24.5%, respectively. The soil pH in the study area was 7.03, and it increased in all treatments except for BC1. The highest pH of 7.17 was recorded in NPK and BC2 treatments, which was around the optimal soil pH. In contrast to the CK and NPK treatments, the biochar application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content. The BC2 treatment improved soil C/N and increased the copy number of soil bacteria by 25.6% compared to CK. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and biochar was better than NPK treatment alone, and improved soil mechanical composition and fine soil particle contents (powder and clay). Mixed biochar with chemical fertilizer application also significantly increased maize yield and the weight of 100 grains increased from 9.5% to 10.9% compared to CK. The maize yield of the three fertilizer and biochar treatments was higher than treatments with applied chemical fertilizer alone, in the order of BC2 > BC3 > BC1 > NPK > CK (BC2 treatment increased by 34.8%). Additionally, the maize yield was significantly and positively correlated with soil aggregates, organic carbon and total nitrogen (p < 0.05) as well as the 100-grain weight (p < 0.01). The application of 31.50 t & BULL;hm(-2) (BC2 treatment) of biochar can enhance soil physicochemical properties and improve maize yield.

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