Response of maize barrenness to density and nitrogen increases in Chinese cultivars released from the 1950s to 2010s

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Ma, Daling

作者： Ma, Daling;Yu, Xiaofang;Gao, Julin;Li, Shaokun;Xie, Ruizhi;Zhai, Lichao

作者机构：

关键词： Maize (Zea mays L.); Earless plant rate; Kernel number; Nitrogen fertilization; Plant density

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2020 年 250 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Genetic improvements have made substantial contributions to maize yield and the direction of these improvements has been influenced by cultivation conditions and climate factors. Maize plant and ear barrenness are important to grain yield so we intensively examined the barrenness responses of 10 maize cultivars, released at various times from the 1950s to 2010s in China, to cultivation improvements in plant density and nitrogen application. We compared the cultivars' responses at 4 nitrogen rates (0, 150, 225, 300 kg ha(-1)) and 4 plant densities (37,500, 52,500, 67,500, 82,500 plants ha(-1)) in three (2011-2013) growing seasons. The results showed earless plant rate (EPR), kernel number per ear (KNP), and kernel number per unit area (KN) were significantly affected by nitrogen, plant density, and cultivar. Plant density increases accelerated maize barrenness. EPR increments decreased significantly (about 0.4 % year(-1)) while the KNP decrements of older cultivars were greater than those of newer cultivars as plant density increased. Plant and ear barrenness decreased as N increased. But EPR decreases and KNP increases showed no significant linear trends with maize cultivars improved. As cultivation improved by increasing density and nitrogen together, differences in plant and ear barrenness between older cultivars and newer cultivars were revealed. Older cultivars were more sensitive to linked density and nitrogen increases. However, for all cultivars, barren plants and ears did not change significantly under contemporary cultivation practices, thus showing that new cultivars adapt well to both high density planting and high nitrogen supplementation. Maize barrenness can be decreased by breeding cultivars that cope well with density stress and by pursuing better crop management in the future.

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